Zirhli Gemi (Battleships)

[Guinness]

Torgud Reis Class - 1894
ZG-1 Torgud Reis, laid down 1894 Lost 1912
ZG-2 Barbaros Hayreddin, laid down 1895

Osmaniye Class - 1906
ZG-3 Osmaniye, laid down 1906
ZG-4 Mahmudiye, laid down 1906

Resadiye Class - 1910
ZG-5 Resadiye, purchased 1910, Lost 1912
ZG-6 Sultan Osman I, purchased 1910

Sultan Mehmed II Class - 1897
ZG-7 Sultan Mehmed II, laid down 1897, purchased 1912
ZG-8 Bayezid I, laid down 1897, purchased 1912

[Guinness]

Well-armoured but slow, they were excellent warships for their time, but are awkward and outdated in comparison to those of the major powers. They are actually smaller than the armoured cruisers built to help screen them.

MZ-1 Torgud Reis, laid down 1894 Lost 1912
MZ-2 Barbaros Hayreddin, laid down 1895

Turgut Reis, Ottoman battleship laid down 1894

Displacement:
10,092 t light; 10,809 t standard; 11,820 t normal; 12,629 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
396.98 ft / 396.98 ft x 68.90 ft x 24.28 ft (normal load)
121.00 m / 121.00 m x 21.00 m x 7.40 m

Armament:
4 - 11.02" / 280 mm guns (2x2 guns), 661.39lbs / 300.00kg shells, 1894 Model
Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
on centreline ends, evenly spread
2 - 11.02" / 280 mm guns in single mounts, 661.39lbs / 300.00kg shells, 1894 Model
Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
on side, all forward
10 - 5.91" / 150 mm guns in single mounts, 99.21lbs / 45.00kg shells, 1894 Model
Breech loading guns in casemate mounts
on side, all forward
8 - 4.72" / 120 mm guns in single mounts, 52.91lbs / 24.00kg shells, 1894 Model
Breech loading guns in deck mounts with hoists
on side, all amidships
10 - 0.59" / 15.0 mm guns in single mounts, 0.10lbs / 0.05kg shells, 1894 Model
Machine guns in deck mounts
on side, evenly spread
Weight of broadside 5,385 lbs / 2,442 kg
Shells per gun, main battery: 150
4 - 15.7" / 400 mm submerged torpedo tubes

Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 11.8" / 300 mm 295.28 ft / 90.00 m 11.48 ft / 3.50 m
Ends: 3.94" / 100 mm 32.81 ft / 10.00 m 9.84 ft / 3.00 m
68.90 ft / 21.00 m Unarmoured ends
Main Belt covers 114 % of normal length

- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 11.0" / 280 mm 5.51" / 140 mm 11.0" / 280 mm
2nd: 11.0" / 280 mm 5.51" / 140 mm 11.0" / 280 mm
3rd: 2.95" / 75 mm - 0.79" / 20 mm
4th: 1.57" / 40 mm - -

- Armour deck: 1.57" / 40 mm, Conning tower: 7.87" / 200 mm

Machinery:
Coal fired boilers, complex reciprocating steam engines,
Direct drive, 3 shafts, 9,965 ihp / 7,434 Kw = 16.99 kts
Range 6,000nm at 10.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 1,820 tons (100% coal)

Complement:
566 - 736

Cost:
£1.168 million / $4.673 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 684 tons, 5.8 %
Armour: 3,560 tons, 30.1 %
- Belts: 1,765 tons, 14.9 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0.0 %
- Armament: 1,111 tons, 9.4 %
- Armour Deck: 595 tons, 5.0 %
- Conning Tower: 88 tons, 0.7 %
Machinery: 1,718 tons, 14.5 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 4,080 tons, 34.5 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 1,728 tons, 14.6 %
Miscellaneous weights: 50 tons, 0.4 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
10,757 lbs / 4,879 Kg = 16.1 x 11.0 " / 280 mm shells or 1.6 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.05
Metacentric height 3.1 ft / 1.0 m
Roll period: 16.3 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 100 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.89
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.60

Hull form characteristics:
Hull has rise forward of midbreak
Block coefficient: 0.623
Length to Beam Ratio: 5.76 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 19.92 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 45 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 62
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 0.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 16.40 ft / 5.00 m
- Forecastle (15 %): 15.09 ft / 4.60 m
- Mid (65 %): 15.09 ft / 4.60 m (13.78 ft / 4.20 m aft of break)
- Quarterdeck (15 %): 13.78 ft / 4.20 m
- Stern: 13.78 ft / 4.20 m
- Average freeboard: 14.71 ft / 4.48 m
Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 97.2 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 101.2 %
Waterplane Area: 20,437 Square feet or 1,899 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 94 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 139 lbs/sq ft or 681 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.92
- Longitudinal: 2.10
- Overall: 1.00
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate
Room for accommodation and workspaces is adequate
Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
Excellent seaboat, comfortable, can fire her guns in the heaviest weather

[Guinness]

MZ-3 Osmaniye, laid down 1906
MZ-4 Mahmudiye, laid down 1906

Osmanieh, Ottoman battleship laid down 1906 (Engine 1905)

Displacement:
  16,819 t light; 17,822 t standard; 19,728 t normal; 21,253 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
  518.37 ft / 518.37 ft x 82.02 ft x 27.07 ft (normal load)
  158.00 m / 158.00 m x 25.00 m  x 8.25 m

Armament:
     4 - 11.02" / 280 mm guns (2x2 guns), 661.39lbs / 300.00kg shells, 1906 Model
    Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
    on centreline ends, evenly spread
     8 - 11.02" / 280 mm guns (4x2 guns), 661.39lbs / 300.00kg shells, 1906 Model
    Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
    on side, all amidships
     10 - 4.13" / 105 mm guns in single mounts, 35.27lbs / 16.00kg shells, 1906 Model
    Quick firing guns in casemate mounts
    on side, all forward
     6 - 4.13" / 105 mm guns in single mounts, 35.27lbs / 16.00kg shells, 1906 Model
    Breech loading guns in deck mounts
    on side, evenly spread, all raised mounts
     15 - 0.59" / 15.0 mm guns in single mounts, 0.10lbs / 0.05kg shells, 1906 Model
    Machine guns in deck mounts
    on side, evenly spread, 5 raised mounts
  Weight of broadside 8,503 lbs / 3,857 kg
  Shells per gun, main battery: 120
  4 - 15.7" / 400 mm submerged torpedo tubes

Armour:
  - Belts:      Width (max)   Length (avg)      Height (avg)
  Main:   11.8" / 300 mm   393.70 ft / 120.00 m   10.93 ft / 3.33 m
  Ends:   1.97" / 50 mm     98.43 ft / 30.00 m   10.93 ft / 3.33 m
    26.25 ft / 8.00 m Unarmoured ends
  Upper:   7.87" / 200 mm   393.70 ft / 120.00 m   8.01 ft / 2.44 m
    Main Belt covers 117 % of normal length

  - Torpedo Bulkhead:
     1.97" / 50 mm   328.08 ft / 100.00 m   24.28 ft / 7.40 m

  - Gun armour:   Face (max)   Other gunhouse (avg)   Barbette/hoist (max)
  Main:   11.0" / 280 mm   5.51" / 140 mm      11.0" / 280 mm
  2nd:   11.0" / 280 mm   5.51" / 140 mm      11.0" / 280 mm
  3rd:   2.95" / 75 mm         -         1.97" / 50 mm
  4th:   0.59" / 15 mm         -               -
  5th:   0.20" / 5 mm         -               -

  - Armour deck: 1.97" / 50 mm, Conning tower: 11.81" / 300 mm

Machinery:
  Coal fired boilers, steam turbines,
  Direct drive, 4 shafts, 20,000 shp / 14,920 Kw = 19.22 kts
  Range 8,000nm at 10.00 kts
  Bunker at max displacement = 3,431 tons (100% coal)

Complement:
  832 - 1,082

Cost:
  £1.725 million / $6.902 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
  Armament: 1,076 tons, 5.5 %
  Armour: 7,205 tons, 36.5 %
     - Belts: 3,277 tons, 16.6 %
     - Torpedo bulkhead: 580 tons, 2.9 %
     - Armament: 2,030 tons, 10.3 %
     - Armour Deck: 1,132 tons, 5.7 %
     - Conning Tower: 186 tons, 0.9 %
  Machinery: 1,667 tons, 8.4 %
  Hull, fittings & equipment: 6,722 tons, 34.1 %
  Fuel, ammunition & stores: 2,909 tons, 14.7 %
  Miscellaneous weights: 150 tons, 0.8 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
  Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
    24,686 lbs / 11,197 Kg = 36.9 x 11.0 " / 280 mm shells or 4.3 torpedoes
  Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.10
  Metacentric height 4.5 ft / 1.4 m
  Roll period: 16.3 seconds
  Steadiness   - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 72 %
        - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.60
  Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.47

Hull form characteristics:
  Hull has rise forward of midbreak
  Block coefficient: 0.600
  Length to Beam Ratio: 6.32 : 1
  'Natural speed' for length: 22.77 kts
  Power going to wave formation at top speed: 42 %
  Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 49
  Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 0.00 degrees
  Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
  Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
     - Stem:      24.61 ft / 7.50 m
     - Forecastle (20 %):   16.40 ft / 5.00 m
     - Mid (60 %):      16.40 ft / 5.00 m (15.75 ft / 4.80 m aft of break)
     - Quarterdeck (15 %):   15.75 ft / 4.80 m
     - Stern:      15.75 ft / 4.80 m
     - Average freeboard:   16.80 ft / 5.12 m
  Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
  Space   - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 95.8 %
     - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 115.0 %
  Waterplane Area: 31,097 Square feet or 2,889 Square metres
  Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 102 %
  Structure weight / hull surface area: 154 lbs/sq ft or 751 Kg/sq metre
  Hull strength (Relative):
     - Cross-sectional: 0.95
     - Longitudinal: 1.60
     - Overall: 1.00
  Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate
  Room for accommodation and workspaces is adequate
  Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
  Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily

[Guinness]

MZ-5 Resadiye, purchased 1910, Lost 1912
MZ-6 Sultan Osman I, purchased 1910

Displacement:
  12,501 t light; 13,075 t standard; 14,200 t normal; 15,100 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
  370.00 ft / 370.00 ft x 76.00 ft x 24.00 ft (normal load)
  112.78 m / 112.78 m x 23.16 m  x 7.32 m

Armament:
     6 - 12.00" / 305 mm guns (3x2 guns), 800.00lbs / 362.87kg shells, 1890 Model
    Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
    on centreline, evenly spread
    Aft Main mounts separated by engine room
     14 - 6.00" / 152 mm guns in single mounts, 100.00lbs / 45.36kg shells, 1890 Model
    Quick firing guns in casemate mounts
    on side, all amidships
     6 - 3.00" / 76.2 mm guns in single mounts, 12.00lbs / 5.44kg shells, 1892 Model
    Quick firing guns in deck mounts
    on side, evenly spread
  Weight of broadside 6,272 lbs / 2,845 kg
  Shells per gun, main battery: 80

Armour:
  - Belts:      Width (max)   Length (avg)      Height (avg)
  Main:   12.0" / 305 mm   240.00 ft / 73.15 m   12.00 ft / 3.66 m
  Ends:   6.00" / 152 mm   130.00 ft / 39.62 m   12.00 ft / 3.66 m
  Upper:   6.00" / 152 mm   240.00 ft / 73.15 m   8.00 ft / 2.44 m
    Main Belt covers 100 % of normal length

  - Gun armour:   Face (max)   Other gunhouse (avg)   Barbette/hoist (max)
  Main:   12.0" / 305 mm   6.00" / 152 mm      12.0" / 305 mm
  2nd:   6.00" / 152 mm   3.00" / 76 mm            -
  3rd:   1.00" / 25 mm   1.00" / 25 mm            -

  - Armour deck: 2.00" / 51 mm, Conning tower: 12.00" / 305 mm

Machinery:
  Coal fired boilers, complex reciprocating steam engines,
  Direct drive, 3 shafts, 15,235 ihp / 11,366 Kw = 18.00 kts
  Range 6,600nm at 10.00 kts
  Bunker at max displacement = 2,025 tons (100% coal)

Complement:
  649 - 845

Cost:
  £1.477 million / $5.909 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
  Armament: 847 tons, 6.0 %
  Armour: 4,947 tons, 34.8 %
     - Belts: 2,455 tons, 17.3 %
     - Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0.0 %
     - Armament: 1,479 tons, 10.4 %
     - Armour Deck: 861 tons, 6.1 %
     - Conning Tower: 152 tons, 1.1 %
  Machinery: 2,344 tons, 16.5 %
  Hull, fittings & equipment: 4,213 tons, 29.7 %
  Fuel, ammunition & stores: 1,699 tons, 12.0 %
  Miscellaneous weights: 150 tons, 1.1 %
               - 50 tons Flag Facilities
               - 25 tons W/T
               - 75 tons Future Growth
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
  Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
    13,198 lbs / 5,986 Kg = 15.3 x 12.0 " / 305 mm shells or 1.8 torpedoes
  Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.10
  Metacentric height 4.0 ft / 1.2 m
  Roll period: 16.0 seconds
  Steadiness   - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 71 %
        - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.56
  Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.22

Hull form characteristics:
  Hull has rise forward of midbreak
  Block coefficient: 0.736
  Length to Beam Ratio: 4.87 : 1
  'Natural speed' for length: 19.24 kts
  Power going to wave formation at top speed: 54 %
  Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 58
  Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 0.00 degrees
  Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
  Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
     - Stem:      22.00 ft / 6.71 m
     - Forecastle (18 %):   20.00 ft / 6.10 m
     - Mid (50 %):      20.00 ft / 6.10 m (12.00 ft / 3.66 m aft of break)
     - Quarterdeck (18 %):   12.00 ft / 3.66 m
     - Stern:      12.00 ft / 3.66 m
     - Average freeboard:   16.14 ft / 4.92 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
  Space   - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 98.7 %
     - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 109.3 %
  Waterplane Area: 23,275 Square feet or 2,162 Square metres
  Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 86 %
  Structure weight / hull surface area: 133 lbs/sq ft or 649 Kg/sq metre
  Hull strength (Relative):
     - Cross-sectional: 0.92
     - Longitudinal: 2.18
     - Overall: 1.00
  Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate
  Room for accommodation and workspaces is adequate
  Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
  Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily

Italian built, armed in NUS at Puerto Militar with NUS weapons except 12"/35 MB.

[Guinness]

The Georgia class battleships built on the firm basis of the Texas class battleships, with the same palatial accommodations and high seaworthiness as compared to earlier battleships. The major improvement in this class, made possible by lighter boilers and steam engines, was the enhancement of the armour protection, which is considered to be of the highest quality.

Both Georgia class Battleships were sold to New Zion in 1912, who resold them to the Ottoman Empire.

MZ-7 Sultan Mehmed II, laid down 1897, purchased 1912 (Formerly CSS Georgia)
MZ-8 Bayezid I, laid down 1897, purchased 1912 (Formerly CSS Sonora)

CSS Georgia, Confederate States of America Battleship laid down 1897

Displacement:
10,047 t light; 10,513 t standard; 11,160 t normal; 11,678 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
400.00 ft / 400.00 ft x 73.00 ft x 21.00 ft (normal load)
121.92 m / 121.92 m x 22.25 m x 6.40 m

Armament:
4 - 12.00" / 305 mm guns (2x2 guns), 850.00lbs / 385.55kg shells, 1897 Model
Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
on centreline ends, evenly spread
16 - 6.00" / 152 mm guns in single mounts, 100.00lbs / 45.36kg shells, 1897 Model
Breech loading guns in casemate mounts
on side, evenly spread
12 guns in hull casemates - Limited use in all but light seas
12 - 3.00" / 76.2 mm guns in single mounts, 12.50lbs / 5.67kg shells, 1897 Model
Quick firing guns in deck mounts
on side, evenly spread
8 guns in hull casemates - Limited use in all but light seas
Weight of broadside 5,150 lbs / 2,336 kg
Shells per gun, main battery: 80

Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 10.0" / 254 mm 300.00 ft / 91.44 m 10.00 ft / 3.05 m
Ends: 6.00" / 152 mm 100.00 ft / 30.48 m 10.00 ft / 3.05 m
Upper: 7.00" / 178 mm 300.00 ft / 91.44 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
Main Belt covers 115 % of normal length

- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 11.0" / 279 mm 6.00" / 152 mm 9.00" / 229 mm
2nd: 3.00" / 76 mm - -

- Armour deck: 1.50" / 38 mm, Conning tower: 10.00" / 254 mm

Machinery:
Coal fired boilers, complex reciprocating steam engines,
Direct drive, 2 shafts, 12,215 ihp / 9,113 Kw = 18.00 kts
Range 4,000nm at 10.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 1,165 tons (100% coal)

Complement:
542 - 705

Cost:
£1.193 million / $4.773 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 668 tons, 6.0 %
Armour: 3,688 tons, 33.0 %
- Belts: 2,237 tons, 20.0 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0.0 %
- Armament: 730 tons, 6.5 %
- Armour Deck: 613 tons, 5.5 %
- Conning Tower: 108 tons, 1.0 %
Machinery: 2,003 tons, 17.9 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 3,688 tons, 33.0 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 1,113 tons, 10.0 %
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
10,400 lbs / 4,717 Kg = 12.0 x 12.0 " / 305 mm shells or 1.6 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.28
Metacentric height 4.9 ft / 1.5 m
Roll period: 13.9 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 71 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.36
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.28

Hull form characteristics:
Hull has rise forward of midbreak
Block coefficient: 0.637
Length to Beam Ratio: 5.48 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 20.00 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 48 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 55
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): -10.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 16.00 ft / 4.88 m
- Forecastle (20 %): 16.00 ft / 4.88 m
- Mid (60 %): 16.00 ft / 4.88 m (8.00 ft / 2.44 m aft of break)
- Quarterdeck (15 %): 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
- Stern: 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
- Average freeboard: 12.80 ft / 3.90 m
Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 102.5 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 100.4 %
Waterplane Area: 22,103 Square feet or 2,053 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 86 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 127 lbs/sq ft or 618 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.96
- Longitudinal: 1.59
- Overall: 1.01
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate
Room for accommodation and workspaces is adequate
Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily