Battleships

[Carthaginian]

Although not actually in service (she sank in 1888), the Virginia is retained on the Navy List for historical reasons, and is listed here for reasons of completeness. As a consequence of her 'existence', the name Virginia is effectively retired from the active fleet.
*This was changed in 1906, and a new Virginia was laid down.*

The wreck lies in shallow water at Galveston, where her bottom was blown out by an explosion in the fore 500pdr powder room. This was ostensibly caused by overage propellant, but there was widespread discontent amongst Negroes at the time, and many in the Navy are doubtful about the official explanation.

CSS Virginia - sunk 1888

CSS Virginia, Confederate States of America Ironclad laid down 1874
Armoured Corvette (Central battery ironclad)

Displacement:
7,236 t light; 7,478 t standard; 7,990 t normal; 8,400 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
340.00 ft / 340.00 ft x 65.00 ft x 19.00 ft (normal load)
103.63 m / 103.63 m x 19.81 m x 5.79 m

Armament:
4 - 11.00" / 279 mm guns (2x2 guns), 500.00lbs / 226.80kg shells, 1874 Model
Muzzle loading guns in Coles/Ericsson turrets
on centreline ends, evenly spread
12 - 6.00" / 152 mm guns in single mounts, 55.00lbs / 24.95kg shells, 1874 Model
Muzzle loading guns in broadside mounts
on side, all amidships
8 - 4.00" / 102 mm guns in single mounts, 20.00lbs / 9.07kg shells, 1874 Model
Muzzle loading guns in deck mounts
on side, evenly spread, all raised mounts
Weight of broadside 2,820 lbs / 1,279 kg
Shells per gun, main battery: 50

Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 12.0" / 305 mm 340.00 ft / 103.63 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
Ends: Unarmoured
Upper: 8.00" / 203 mm 80.00 ft / 24.38 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
Main Belt covers 154 % of normal length

- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 18.0" / 457 mm - -

- Armour deck: 1.00" / 25 mm, Conning tower: 12.00" / 305 mm

Machinery:
Coal fired boilers, simple reciprocating steam engines,
Direct drive, 2 shafts, 4,723 ihp / 3,523 Kw = 14.00 kts
Range 2,000nm at 10.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 922 tons (100% coal)

Complement:
422 - 549

Cost:
£0.740 million / $2.958 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 400 tons, 5.0 %
Armour: 2,675 tons, 33.5 %
- Belts: 1,540 tons, 19.3 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0.0 %
- Armament: 714 tons, 8.9 %
- Armour Deck: 318 tons, 4.0 %
- Conning Tower: 103 tons, 1.3 %
Machinery: 1,071 tons, 13.4 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 3,089 tons, 38.7 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 755 tons, 9.4 %
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
6,134 lbs / 2,783 Kg = 12.1 x 11.0 " / 279 mm shells or 1.3 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.18
Metacentric height 3.6 ft / 1.1 m
Roll period: 14.5 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 70 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.24
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.28

Hull form characteristics:
Hull has raised forecastle, raised quarterdeck
Block coefficient: 0.666
Length to Beam Ratio: 5.23 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 18.44 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 40 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 55
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 0.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 12.00 ft / 3.66 m
- Forecastle (25 %): 12.00 ft / 3.66 m (8.00 ft / 2.44 m aft of break)
- Mid (50 %): 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
- Quarterdeck (25 %): 12.00 ft / 3.66 m (8.00 ft / 2.44 m before break)
- Stern: 12.00 ft / 3.66 m
- Average freeboard: 10.00 ft / 3.05 m
Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 80.1 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 62.0 %
Waterplane Area: 17,179 Square feet or 1,596 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 100 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 139 lbs/sq ft or 680 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.97
- Longitudinal: 1.48
- Overall: 1.01
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
Room for accommodation and workspaces is cramped
Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily

[Carthaginian]

A recent acquisition, these older battleships have nothing in common with other Confederate battleships. This rebuild replaces the 11" guns with 12" guns, and replaces the old machinery with modern boilers and engines, developing more power and so reaching 14 knots. The armour has not been modified. After completion of their rebuild, both ships will serve with the Pacific Reserve Fleet as coastal defence ships.

Both ships were scrapped in 1908.

CSS South Carolina (ex-Folcwine) scrapped 1908
CSS North Carolina (ex-Walda) scrapped 1908

CSS South Carolina (ex-Folcwine), Confederate States of America (ex-Rohan) Battleship laid down 1883 (Engine 1898)

Displacement:
7,760 t light; 8,220 t standard; 8,568 t normal; 8,847 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
380.00 ft / 380.00 ft x 59.00 ft x 22.00 ft (normal load)
115.82 m / 115.82 m x 17.98 m x 6.71 m

Armament:
4 - 12.00" / 305 mm guns (2x2 guns), 850.00lbs / 385.55kg shells, 1883 Model
Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
on centreline ends, evenly spread
14 - 6.00" / 152 mm guns in single mounts, 100.00lbs / 45.36kg shells, 1883 Model
Breech loading guns in casemate mounts
on side, all amidships
6 guns in hull casemates - Limited use in all but light seas
8 - 3.00" / 76.2 mm guns in single mounts, 12.50lbs / 5.67kg shells, 1883 Model
Breech loading guns in deck mounts
on side, evenly spread
4 - 1.85" / 47.0 mm guns in single mounts, 3.00lbs / 1.36kg shells, 1883 Model
Quick firing guns in deck mounts
on side, evenly spread, all raised mounts
6 - 1.00" / 25.4 mm guns in single mounts, 0.50lbs / 0.23kg shells, 1883 Model
Machine guns in deck mounts
on side, evenly spread
Weight of broadside 4,915 lbs / 2,229 kg
Shells per gun, main battery: 100

Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 8.50" / 216 mm 177.00 ft / 53.95 m 12.00 ft / 3.66 m
Ends: 5.00" / 127 mm 203.00 ft / 61.87 m 12.00 ft / 3.66 m
Upper: 5.00" / 127 mm 203.00 ft / 61.87 m 12.00 ft / 3.66 m
Main Belt covers 72 % of normal length
Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces

- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 8.00" / 203 mm 5.00" / 127 mm 7.00" / 178 mm
2nd: 5.00" / 127 mm - -
3rd: 0.75" / 19 mm - -

- Armour deck: 1.25" / 32 mm, Conning tower: 8.50" / 216 mm

Machinery:
Coal and oil fired boilers, complex reciprocating steam engines,
Direct drive, 2 shafts, 4,008 ihp / 2,990 Kw = 14.00 kts
Range 2,700nm at 10.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 627 tons (80% coal)

Complement:
444 - 578

Cost:
£0.839 million / $3.355 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 570 tons, 6.6 %
Armour: 3,041 tons, 35.5 %
- Belts: 1,867 tons, 21.8 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0.0 %
- Armament: 716 tons, 8.4 %
- Armour Deck: 382 tons, 4.5 %
- Conning Tower: 77 tons, 0.9 %
Machinery: 634 tons, 7.4 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 3,516 tons, 41.0 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 808 tons, 9.4 %
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
9,538 lbs / 4,326 Kg = 12.3 x 12.0 " / 305 mm shells or 1.7 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.10
Metacentric height 2.7 ft / 0.8 m
Roll period: 15.1 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 71 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.88
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.47

Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck
Block coefficient: 0.608
Length to Beam Ratio: 6.44 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 19.49 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 34 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 48
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 0.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 18.00 ft / 5.49 m
- Forecastle (20 %): 14.00 ft / 4.27 m
- Mid (50 %): 14.00 ft / 4.27 m
- Quarterdeck (15 %): 14.00 ft / 4.27 m
- Stern: 14.00 ft / 4.27 m
- Average freeboard: 14.32 ft / 4.36 m
Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 74.6 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 99.2 %
Waterplane Area: 16,521 Square feet or 1,535 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 97 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 143 lbs/sq ft or 696 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.93
- Longitudinal: 2.04
- Overall: 1.01
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
Room for accommodation and workspaces is adequate
Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily

[Carthaginian]

It is doubtful if any ships in the Confederate States' Navy are less popular than the Missouri and Tamaulipas. Although displacing less than the Arizona class, these ships carry a far heavier main battery, mounted in open barbettes and hence exposed to the elements, and their armour belt is inadequate to cover the vital spaces of the ship. When combined with the cramping and antiquated main guns, there is no difficulty in understanding why these ships have experienced more mutinies than the entire remainder of the CSN as a whole. Like the Arizona class, these are slated for replacement as soon as possible.

CSS Missouri - scrapped 1898
CSS Tamaulipas - scrapped 1898

CSS Missouri, Confederate States of America Battleship laid down 1885
Barbette ship

Displacement:
7,070 t light; 7,402 t standard; 8,096 t normal; 8,652 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
368.00 ft / 368.00 ft x 69.00 ft x 18.00 ft (normal load)
112.17 m / 112.17 m x 21.03 m x 5.49 m

Armament:
4 - 12.00" / 305 mm guns (2x2 guns), 800.00lbs / 362.87kg shells, 1885 Model
Breech loading guns in open barbettes
on centreline ends, evenly spread
8 - 4.00" / 102 mm guns in single mounts, 25.00lbs / 11.34kg shells, 1885 Model
Quick firing guns in casemate mounts
on side, evenly spread
8 guns in hull casemates - Limited use in any sea
12 - 4.00" / 102 mm guns in single mounts, 25.00lbs / 11.34kg shells, 1885 Model
Quick firing guns in deck mounts
on side, evenly spread
Weight of broadside 3,700 lbs / 1,678 kg
Shells per gun, main battery: 80
6 - 18.0" / 457.2 mm submerged torpedo tubes

Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 8.00" / 203 mm 220.00 ft / 67.06 m 10.00 ft / 3.05 m
Ends: 6.00" / 152 mm 148.00 ft / 45.11 m 10.00 ft / 3.05 m
Upper: 5.00" / 127 mm 220.00 ft / 67.06 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
Main Belt covers 92 % of normal length
Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces

- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: - - 9.00" / 229 mm
2nd: 1.00" / 25 mm - -

- Armour deck: 1.00" / 25 mm, Conning tower: 9.00" / 229 mm

Machinery:
Coal fired boilers, simple reciprocating steam engines,
Direct drive, 2 shafts, 6,912 ihp / 5,156 Kw = 16.00 kts
Range 4,000nm at 10.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 1,250 tons (100% coal)

Complement:
426 - 554

Cost:
£0.833 million / $3.333 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 474 tons, 5.8 %
Armour: 2,339 tons, 28.9 %
- Belts: 1,538 tons, 19.0 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0.0 %
- Armament: 373 tons, 4.6 %
- Armour Deck: 350 tons, 4.3 %
- Conning Tower: 78 tons, 1.0 %
Machinery: 1,343 tons, 16.6 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 2,914 tons, 36.0 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 1,027 tons, 12.7 %
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
6,651 lbs / 3,017 Kg = 8.3 x 12.0 " / 305 mm shells or 1.3 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.47
Metacentric height 5.5 ft / 1.7 m
Roll period: 12.3 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 70 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.18
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.19

Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck
Block coefficient: 0.620
Length to Beam Ratio: 5.33 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 19.18 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 43 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 59
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): -10.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 12.00 ft / 3.66 m
- Forecastle (23 %): 11.00 ft / 3.35 m
- Mid (57 %): 9.00 ft / 2.74 m
- Quarterdeck (15 %): 10.00 ft / 3.05 m
- Stern: 11.00 ft / 3.35 m
- Average freeboard: 10.26 ft / 3.13 m
Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 106.2 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 82.7 %
Waterplane Area: 18,921 Square feet or 1,758 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 92 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 122 lbs/sq ft or 596 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.98
- Longitudinal: 1.28
- Overall: 1.01
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate
Room for accommodation and workspaces is cramped
Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform

[Carthaginian]

The Florida class is effectively a repeat of the preceding Missouri class, retaining all their shortcomings and adding more, in the form of an enlarged bunker that further encroaches on accomodations.

CSS Florida - scrapped 1898
CSS Tennessee - scrapped 1898

CSS Florida, Confederate States of America Battleship laid down 1887
Barbette ship

Displacement:
6,980 t light; 7,312 t standard; 8,123 t normal; 8,771 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
368.00 ft / 368.00 ft x 69.00 ft x 18.00 ft (normal load)
112.17 m / 112.17 m x 21.03 m x 5.49 m

Armament:
4 - 12.00" / 305 mm guns (2x2 guns), 800.00lbs / 362.87kg shells, 1887 Model
Breech loading guns in open barbettes
on centreline ends, evenly spread
8 - 4.00" / 102 mm guns in single mounts, 25.00lbs / 11.34kg shells, 1887 Model
Quick firing guns in casemate mounts
on side, evenly spread
8 guns in hull casemates - Limited use in any sea
12 - 4.00" / 102 mm guns in single mounts, 25.00lbs / 11.34kg shells, 1887 Model
Quick firing guns in deck mounts
on side, evenly spread
Weight of broadside 3,700 lbs / 1,678 kg
Shells per gun, main battery: 80
6 - 18.0" / 457.2 mm submerged torpedo tubes

Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 8.00" / 203 mm 220.00 ft / 67.06 m 10.00 ft / 3.05 m
Ends: 6.00" / 152 mm 148.00 ft / 45.11 m 10.00 ft / 3.05 m
Upper: 5.00" / 127 mm 220.00 ft / 67.06 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
Main Belt covers 92 % of normal length
Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces

- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: - - 9.00" / 229 mm
2nd: 1.00" / 25 mm - -

- Armour deck: 1.00" / 25 mm, Conning tower: 9.00" / 229 mm

Machinery:
Coal fired boilers, complex reciprocating steam engines,
Direct drive, 2 shafts, 6,798 ihp / 5,071 Kw = 16.00 kts
Range 5,000nm at 10.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 1,459 tons (100% coal)

Complement:
427 - 556

Cost:
£0.836 million / $3.345 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 489 tons, 6.0 %
Armour: 2,346 tons, 28.9 %
- Belts: 1,538 tons, 18.9 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0.0 %
- Armament: 379 tons, 4.7 %
- Armour Deck: 351 tons, 4.3 %
- Conning Tower: 78 tons, 1.0 %
Machinery: 1,294 tons, 15.9 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 2,851 tons, 35.1 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 1,143 tons, 14.1 %
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
6,959 lbs / 3,157 Kg = 8.4 x 12.0 " / 305 mm shells or 1.3 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.44
Metacentric height 5.4 ft / 1.6 m
Roll period: 12.5 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 74 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.19
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.20

Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck
Block coefficient: 0.622
Length to Beam Ratio: 5.33 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 19.18 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 43 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 62
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): -10.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 12.00 ft / 3.66 m
- Forecastle (23 %): 11.00 ft / 3.35 m
- Mid (57 %): 9.00 ft / 2.74 m
- Quarterdeck (15 %): 10.00 ft / 3.05 m
- Stern: 11.00 ft / 3.35 m
- Average freeboard: 10.26 ft / 3.13 m
Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 105.1 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 82.6 %
Waterplane Area: 18,956 Square feet or 1,761 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 92 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 119 lbs/sq ft or 582 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.98
- Longitudinal: 1.28
- Overall: 1.01
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate
Room for accommodation and workspaces is cramped
Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform

[Carthaginian]

A vast improvement in Confederate battleship design was observed in the Alabama class of 1889, which mounted her new-model 12" guns in gunhouses atop barbettes, more weatherly than open barbettes and lighter than turrets. Although faster than previous classes, the speed of these ships may be a mixed blessing as the more powerful engines prevented improvements in crew accomodation.

CSS Alabama - scrapped 1900
CSS Nuevo Leon - scrapped 1900

CSS Alabama, Confederate States of America Battleship laid down 1889

Displacement:
8,088 t light; 8,444 t standard; 9,109 t normal; 9,641 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
371.00 ft / 371.00 ft x 71.00 ft x 19.00 ft (normal load)
113.08 m / 113.08 m x 21.64 m x 5.79 m

Armament:
4 - 12.00" / 305 mm guns (2x2 guns), 850.00lbs / 385.55kg shells, 1889 Model
Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
on centreline ends, evenly spread
8 - 4.00" / 102 mm guns in single mounts, 25.00lbs / 11.34kg shells, 1889 Model
Quick firing guns in casemate mounts
on side, evenly spread
8 guns in hull casemates - Limited use in any sea
8 - 4.00" / 102 mm guns in single mounts, 25.00lbs / 11.34kg shells, 1889 Model
Quick firing guns in deck mounts
on side, evenly spread
Weight of broadside 3,800 lbs / 1,724 kg
Shells per gun, main battery: 80
6 - 18.0" / 457.2 mm submerged torpedo tubes

Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 8.00" / 203 mm 280.00 ft / 85.34 m 10.00 ft / 3.05 m
Ends: 6.00" / 152 mm 91.00 ft / 27.74 m 10.00 ft / 3.05 m
Upper: 5.00" / 127 mm 280.00 ft / 85.34 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
Main Belt covers 116 % of normal length

- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 9.00" / 229 mm 6.00" / 152 mm 8.00" / 203 mm
2nd: 1.00" / 25 mm - -

- Armour deck: 1.00" / 25 mm, Conning tower: 9.00" / 229 mm

Machinery:
Coal fired boilers, complex reciprocating steam engines,
Direct drive, 2 shafts, 9,031 ihp / 6,737 Kw = 17.00 kts
Range 4,000nm at 10.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 1,197 tons (100% coal)

Complement:
466 - 606

Cost:
£0.930 million / $3.719 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 489 tons, 5.4 %
Armour: 2,591 tons, 28.4 %
- Belts: 1,652 tons, 18.1 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0.0 %
- Armament: 485 tons, 5.3 %
- Armour Deck: 369 tons, 4.0 %
- Conning Tower: 85 tons, 0.9 %
Machinery: 1,687 tons, 18.5 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 3,322 tons, 36.5 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 1,020 tons, 11.2 %
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
6,792 lbs / 3,081 Kg = 8.0 x 12.0 " / 305 mm shells or 1.3 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.21
Metacentric height 4.3 ft / 1.3 m
Roll period: 14.5 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 70 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.29
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.04

Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck
Block coefficient: 0.637
Length to Beam Ratio: 5.23 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 19.26 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 47 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 67
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): -10.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 10.00 ft / 3.05 m
- Forecastle (20 %): 10.00 ft / 3.05 m
- Mid (60 %): 10.00 ft / 3.05 m
- Quarterdeck (15 %): 10.00 ft / 3.05 m
- Stern: 10.00 ft / 3.05 m
- Average freeboard: 10.00 ft / 3.05 m
Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 108.7 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 81.5 %
Waterplane Area: 19,939 Square feet or 1,852 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 92 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 133 lbs/sq ft or 647 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.98
- Longitudinal: 1.32
- Overall: 1.01
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate
Room for accommodation and workspaces is cramped
Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform

[Carthaginian]

Introduction of the 6" secondary gun on the Oklahoma class of battleships provided these vessels with a potent anti-torpedo ram gun, albeit a slow-firing one. The provision of adequate crew accomodation fell again down the list of priorities for the Navy Board, despite the reduction in speed from 17 knots to 16 knots.

CSS Oklahoma - scrapped 1901
CSS Arkansas - scrapped 1901

CSS Oklahoma, Confederate States of America Battleship laid down 1891

Displacement:
8,227 t light; 8,632 t standard; 9,281 t normal; 9,800 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
399.00 ft / 399.00 ft x 71.00 ft x 18.00 ft (normal load)
121.62 m / 121.62 m x 21.64 m x 5.49 m

Armament:
4 - 12.00" / 305 mm guns (2x2 guns), 850.00lbs / 385.55kg shells, 1891 Model
Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
on centreline ends, evenly spread
12 - 6.00" / 152 mm guns in single mounts, 100.00lbs / 45.36kg shells, 1891 Model
Breech loading guns in casemate mounts
on side, evenly spread
12 guns in hull casemates - Limited use in any sea
8 - 3.00" / 76.2 mm guns in single mounts, 12.50lbs / 5.67kg shells, 1891 Model
Quick firing guns in deck mounts
on side, evenly spread
8 guns in hull casemates - Limited use in any sea
Weight of broadside 4,700 lbs / 2,132 kg
Shells per gun, main battery: 80

Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 8.00" / 203 mm 300.00 ft / 91.44 m 10.00 ft / 3.05 m
Ends: 6.00" / 152 mm 99.00 ft / 30.18 m 10.00 ft / 3.05 m
Upper: 5.00" / 127 mm 300.00 ft / 91.44 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
Main Belt covers 116 % of normal length

- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 10.0" / 254 mm 6.00" / 152 mm 8.00" / 203 mm
2nd: 3.00" / 76 mm - -

- Armour deck: 1.00" / 25 mm, Conning tower: 9.00" / 229 mm

Machinery:
Coal fired boilers, complex reciprocating steam engines,
Direct drive, 2 shafts, 7,051 ihp / 5,260 Kw = 16.00 kts
Range 4,000nm at 10.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 1,168 tons (100% coal)

Complement:
472 - 614

Cost:
£0.978 million / $3.911 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 608 tons, 6.5 %
Armour: 2,855 tons, 30.8 %
- Belts: 1,765 tons, 19.0 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0.0 %
- Armament: 608 tons, 6.5 %
- Armour Deck: 397 tons, 4.3 %
- Conning Tower: 86 tons, 0.9 %
Machinery: 1,282 tons, 13.8 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 3,482 tons, 37.5 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 1,054 tons, 11.4 %
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
9,204 lbs / 4,175 Kg = 10.7 x 12.0 " / 305 mm shells or 1.7 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.24
Metacentric height 4.4 ft / 1.4 m
Roll period: 14.1 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 71 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.31
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.05

Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck
Block coefficient: 0.637
Length to Beam Ratio: 5.62 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 19.97 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 40 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 67
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): -10.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 10.00 ft / 3.05 m
- Forecastle (20 %): 10.00 ft / 3.05 m
- Mid (60 %): 10.00 ft / 3.05 m
- Quarterdeck (15 %): 10.00 ft / 3.05 m
- Stern: 10.00 ft / 3.05 m
- Average freeboard: 10.00 ft / 3.05 m
Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 93.3 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 86.5 %
Waterplane Area: 21,444 Square feet or 1,992 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 90 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 131 lbs/sq ft or 638 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.99
- Longitudinal: 1.16
- Overall: 1.01
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate
Room for accommodation and workspaces is cramped
Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform

[Carthaginian]

Although superbly armoured, the Nevada class mounted the ill-advised 7.5", 200pdr secondary gun. The large crews needed for this gun, as well as stokers for the powerplant needed for high speed, were once more forced into a limited space, although the larger hull made this a less acute problem than in earlier classes. These ships are considered the first Confederate battleships to approach the 'ultimate form' that will, it is hoped, become a standard of design.

CSS Nevada Sold to DKB, minus main armament, which was sold to the NUS.
CSS Mississippi Sold to DKB, minus main armament, half of which was sold to the NUS.

CSS Nevada, Confederate States of America Battleship laid down 1893

Displacement:
9,536 t light; 10,031 t standard; 10,709 t normal; 11,251 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
403.00 ft / 403.00 ft x 73.00 ft x 20.00 ft (normal load)
122.83 m / 122.83 m x 22.25 m x 6.10 m

Armament:
4 - 12.00" / 305 mm guns (2x2 guns), 850.00lbs / 385.55kg shells, 1893 Model
Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
on centreline ends, evenly spread
12 - 7.50" / 191 mm guns in single mounts, 200.00lbs / 90.72kg shells, 1893 Model
Breech loading guns in casemate mounts
on side, evenly spread
12 guns in hull casemates - Limited use in any sea
12 - 3.00" / 76.2 mm guns in single mounts, 12.50lbs / 5.67kg shells, 1893 Model
Quick firing guns in deck mounts
on side, evenly spread
8 guns in hull casemates - Limited use in any sea
Weight of broadside 5,950 lbs / 2,699 kg
Shells per gun, main battery: 80

Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 9.00" / 229 mm 300.00 ft / 91.44 m 10.00 ft / 3.05 m
Ends: 6.00" / 152 mm 103.00 ft / 31.39 m 10.00 ft / 3.05 m
Upper: 6.00" / 152 mm 300.00 ft / 91.44 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
Main Belt covers 115 % of normal length

- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 11.0" / 279 mm 6.00" / 152 mm 8.00" / 203 mm
2nd: 3.00" / 76 mm - -

- Armour deck: 1.50" / 38 mm, Conning tower: 10.00" / 254 mm

Machinery:
Coal fired boilers, complex reciprocating steam engines,
Direct drive, 2 shafts, 9,577 ihp / 7,144 Kw = 17.00 kts
Range 4,000nm at 10.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 1,220 tons (100% coal)

Complement:
526 - 684

Cost:
£1.215 million / $4.859 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 769 tons, 7.2 %
Armour: 3,394 tons, 31.7 %
- Belts: 2,013 tons, 18.8 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0.0 %
- Armament: 658 tons, 6.1 %
- Armour Deck: 618 tons, 5.8 %
- Conning Tower: 105 tons, 1.0 %
Machinery: 1,680 tons, 15.7 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 3,693 tons, 34.5 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 1,173 tons, 11.0 %
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
8,972 lbs / 4,070 Kg = 10.4 x 12.0 " / 305 mm shells or 1.6 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.29
Metacentric height 4.9 ft / 1.5 m
Roll period: 13.8 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 71 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.30
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.10

Hull form characteristics:
Hull has a flush deck
Block coefficient: 0.637
Length to Beam Ratio: 5.52 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 20.07 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 44 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 64
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): -10.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 10.00 ft / 3.05 m
- Forecastle (20 %): 10.00 ft / 3.05 m
- Mid (60 %): 10.00 ft / 3.05 m
- Quarterdeck (15 %): 10.00 ft / 3.05 m
- Stern: 10.00 ft / 3.05 m
- Average freeboard: 10.00 ft / 3.05 m
Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 103.9 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 80.6 %
Waterplane Area: 22,269 Square feet or 2,069 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 83 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 132 lbs/sq ft or 643 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.99
- Longitudinal: 1.24
- Overall: 1.01
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate
Room for accommodation and workspaces is cramped
Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform

[Carthaginian]

Far better ships than any preceding Confederate battleship, the Texas class has no serious cramping problems, and returns to the excellent 6" secondary gun. This weapon, by virtue of its' lighter weight than the 200pdr, could be mounted in larger numbers, but the rate of fire is still considered inadequate to effectively counter light craft. These ships are also faster, at 18 knots, and more seaworthy than the Texas and Oklahoma classes.

Original Illustration by Carthaginian: http://i142.photobucket.com/albums/r114/Carthaginian/Navalism/Texas.png

CSS Texas sold to New Zion
CSS California sold to New Zion

CSS Texas, Confederate States of America Battleship laid down 1895

Displacement:
10,026 t light; 10,492 t standard; 11,160 t normal; 11,695 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
400.00 ft / 400.00 ft x 73.00 ft x 21.00 ft (normal load)
121.92 m / 121.92 m x 22.25 m x 6.40 m

Armament:
4 - 12.00" / 305 mm guns (2x2 guns), 850.00lbs / 385.55kg shells, 1895 Model
Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
on centreline ends, evenly spread
16 - 6.00" / 152 mm guns in single mounts, 100.00lbs / 45.36kg shells, 1895 Model
Breech loading guns in casemate mounts
on side, evenly spread
12 guns in hull casemates - Limited use in all but light seas
12 - 3.00" / 76.2 mm guns in single mounts, 12.50lbs / 5.67kg shells, 1895 Model
Quick firing guns in deck mounts
on side, evenly spread
8 guns in hull casemates - Limited use in all but light seas
Weight of broadside 5,150 lbs / 2,336 kg
Shells per gun, main battery: 80

Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 10.0" / 254 mm 280.00 ft / 85.34 m 10.00 ft / 3.05 m
Ends: 6.00" / 152 mm 120.00 ft / 36.58 m 10.00 ft / 3.05 m
Upper: 6.00" / 152 mm 280.00 ft / 85.34 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
Main Belt covers 108 % of normal length

- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 11.0" / 279 mm 6.00" / 152 mm 8.00" / 203 mm
2nd: 3.00" / 76 mm - -

- Armour deck: 1.50" / 38 mm, Conning tower: 10.00" / 254 mm

Machinery:
Coal fired boilers, complex reciprocating steam engines,
Direct drive, 2 shafts, 12,215 ihp / 9,113 Kw = 18.00 kts
Range 4,000nm at 10.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 1,203 tons (100% coal)

Complement:
542 - 705

Cost:
£1.202 million / $4.808 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 668 tons, 6.0 %
Armour: 3,505 tons, 31.4 %
- Belts: 2,083 tons, 18.7 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0.0 %
- Armament: 701 tons, 6.3 %
- Armour Deck: 613 tons, 5.5 %
- Conning Tower: 108 tons, 1.0 %
Machinery: 2,070 tons, 18.6 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 3,782 tons, 33.9 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 1,135 tons, 10.2 %
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
10,090 lbs / 4,577 Kg = 11.7 x 12.0 " / 305 mm shells or 1.6 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.30
Metacentric height 5.0 ft / 1.5 m
Roll period: 13.8 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 70 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.35
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.27

Hull form characteristics:
Hull has rise forward of midbreak
Block coefficient: 0.637
Length to Beam Ratio: 5.48 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 20.00 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 48 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 55
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): -10.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 16.00 ft / 4.88 m
- Forecastle (20 %): 16.00 ft / 4.88 m
- Mid (60 %): 16.00 ft / 4.88 m (8.00 ft / 2.44 m aft of break)
- Quarterdeck (15 %): 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
- Stern: 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
- Average freeboard: 12.80 ft / 3.90 m
Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 104.4 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 100.4 %
Waterplane Area: 22,103 Square feet or 2,053 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 86 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 130 lbs/sq ft or 634 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.97
- Longitudinal: 1.58
- Overall: 1.01
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate
Room for accommodation and workspaces is adequate
Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily

[Carthaginian]

The Georgia class battleships built on the firm basis of the Texas class battleships, with the same palatial accomodations and high seaworthiness as compared to earlier battleships. The major improvement in this class, made possible by lighter boilers and steam engines, was the enhancement of the armour protection, which is considered to be of the highest quality.

Both Georgia class Battleships were sold to New Zion in 1912, who resold them to the Ottoman Empire.

Original Illustration by Carthaginian: http://i142.photobucket.com/albums/r114/Carthaginian/Navalism/Georgia.png

CSS Georgia now in service with Ottoman Empire.
CSS Sonora now in service with Ottoman Empire.

CSS Georgia, Confederate States of America Battleship laid down 1897

Displacement:
10,047 t light; 10,513 t standard; 11,160 t normal; 11,678 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
400.00 ft / 400.00 ft x 73.00 ft x 21.00 ft (normal load)
121.92 m / 121.92 m x 22.25 m x 6.40 m

Armament:
4 - 12.00" / 305 mm guns (2x2 guns), 850.00lbs / 385.55kg shells, 1897 Model
Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
on centreline ends, evenly spread
16 - 6.00" / 152 mm guns in single mounts, 100.00lbs / 45.36kg shells, 1897 Model
Breech loading guns in casemate mounts
on side, evenly spread
12 guns in hull casemates - Limited use in all but light seas
12 - 3.00" / 76.2 mm guns in single mounts, 12.50lbs / 5.67kg shells, 1897 Model
Quick firing guns in deck mounts
on side, evenly spread
8 guns in hull casemates - Limited use in all but light seas
Weight of broadside 5,150 lbs / 2,336 kg
Shells per gun, main battery: 80

Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 10.0" / 254 mm 300.00 ft / 91.44 m 10.00 ft / 3.05 m
Ends: 6.00" / 152 mm 100.00 ft / 30.48 m 10.00 ft / 3.05 m
Upper: 7.00" / 178 mm 300.00 ft / 91.44 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
Main Belt covers 115 % of normal length

- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max)
Main: 11.0" / 279 mm 6.00" / 152 mm 9.00" / 229 mm
2nd: 3.00" / 76 mm - -

- Armour deck: 1.50" / 38 mm, Conning tower: 10.00" / 254 mm

Machinery:
Coal fired boilers, complex reciprocating steam engines,
Direct drive, 2 shafts, 12,215 ihp / 9,113 Kw = 18.00 kts
Range 4,000nm at 10.00 kts
Bunker at max displacement = 1,165 tons (100% coal)

Complement:
542 - 705

Cost:
£1.193 million / $4.773 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
Armament: 668 tons, 6.0 %
Armour: 3,688 tons, 33.0 %
- Belts: 2,237 tons, 20.0 %
- Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0.0 %
- Armament: 730 tons, 6.5 %
- Armour Deck: 613 tons, 5.5 %
- Conning Tower: 108 tons, 1.0 %
Machinery: 2,003 tons, 17.9 %
Hull, fittings & equipment: 3,688 tons, 33.0 %
Fuel, ammunition & stores: 1,113 tons, 10.0 %
Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
10,400 lbs / 4,717 Kg = 12.0 x 12.0 " / 305 mm shells or 1.6 torpedoes
Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.28
Metacentric height 4.9 ft / 1.5 m
Roll period: 13.9 seconds
Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 71 %
- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.36
Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.28

Hull form characteristics:
Hull has rise forward of midbreak
Block coefficient: 0.637
Length to Beam Ratio: 5.48 : 1
'Natural speed' for length: 20.00 kts
Power going to wave formation at top speed: 48 %
Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 55
Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): -10.00 degrees
Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
- Stem: 16.00 ft / 4.88 m
- Forecastle (20 %): 16.00 ft / 4.88 m
- Mid (60 %): 16.00 ft / 4.88 m (8.00 ft / 2.44 m aft of break)
- Quarterdeck (15 %): 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
- Stern: 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
- Average freeboard: 12.80 ft / 3.90 m
Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 102.5 %
- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 100.4 %
Waterplane Area: 22,103 Square feet or 2,053 Square metres
Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 86 %
Structure weight / hull surface area: 127 lbs/sq ft or 618 Kg/sq metre
Hull strength (Relative):
- Cross-sectional: 0.96
- Longitudinal: 1.59
- Overall: 1.01
Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate
Room for accommodation and workspaces is adequate
Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily

[Carthaginian]

Home of the largest shipbuilding facilities on the Atlantic Coast and the Atlantic Fleet, the Dominion of Virginia has long been disgruntled about the ordinance which forbade the naming of any new Confederate naval vessel for their State. Recently, in a grassroots campaign that began in a Newport News church and finally worked it's way to the Capital Building, that sad piece of legislature was overturned.

On January 23, 1905, the Newport News shipyard- with much fanfare- laid the keel on the newest ship to bear the name Virginia. Armed with three twin turrets carrying a total of six 1250-pound guns and encased in 14 inches of armor, she is the most powerful ship afloat in the Confederate Navy.

B-18 CSS Virginia



Original illustration by Carthaginian

Virginia, Confederate States of America Battleship laid down 1905

Displacement:
   17,263 t light; 18,164 t standard; 19,255 t normal; 20,128 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
   550.00 ft / 550.00 ft x 80.00 ft x 22.00 ft (normal load)
   167.64 m / 167.64 m x 24.38 m  x 6.71 m

Armament:
      6 - 13.50" / 343 mm guns (3x2 guns), 1,250.00lbs / 566.99kg shells, 1905 Model
     Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
     on centreline, evenly spread
     Aft Main mounts separated by engine room
      24 - 4.85" / 123 mm guns in single mounts, 55.00lbs / 24.95kg shells, 1905 Model
     Quick firing guns in casemate mounts
     on side, evenly spread
     24 guns in hull casemates - Limited use in heavy seas
      16 - 2.24" / 57.0 mm guns in single mounts, 6.00lbs / 2.72kg shells, 1905 Model
     Quick firing guns in deck mounts
     on side ends, evenly spread, all raised mounts - superfiring
      6 - 2.24" / 57.0 mm guns in single mounts, 6.00lbs / 2.72kg shells, 1905 Model
     Quick firing guns in deck mounts
     on centreline, evenly spread, all raised mounts
   Weight of broadside 8,952 lbs / 4,061 kg
   Shells per gun, main battery: 100

Armour:
   - Belts:      Width (max)   Length (avg)      Height (avg)
   Main:   14.7" / 373 mm   350.00 ft / 106.68 m   12.00 ft / 3.66 m
   Ends:   5.25" / 133 mm   200.00 ft / 60.96 m   12.00 ft / 3.66 m
   Upper:   5.25" / 133 mm   300.00 ft / 91.44 m   10.00 ft / 3.05 m
     Main Belt covers 98 % of normal length

   - Gun armour:   Face (max)   Other gunhouse (avg)   Barbette/hoist (max)
   Main:   14.7" / 373 mm   3.45" / 88 mm      14.7" / 373 mm
   2nd:   2.10" / 53 mm   3.45" / 88 mm      3.45" / 88 mm
   3rd:   0.53" / 13 mm         -               -

   - Armour deck: 3.45" / 88 mm, Conning tower: 14.70" / 373 mm

Machinery:
   Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
   Direct drive, 4 shafts, 17,517 shp / 13,067 Kw = 18.50 kts
   Range 6,000nm at 10.00 kts
   Bunker at max displacement = 1,964 tons

Complement:
   816 - 1,062

Cost:
   £1.722 million / $6.887 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
   Armament: 1,109 tons, 5.8 %
   Armour: 7,981 tons, 41.4 %
      - Belts: 3,888 tons, 20.2 %
      - Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0.0 %
      - Armament: 1,622 tons, 8.4 %
      - Armour Deck: 2,243 tons, 11.7 %
      - Conning Tower: 228 tons, 1.2 %
   Machinery: 1,327 tons, 6.9 %
   Hull, fittings & equipment: 6,746 tons, 35.0 %
   Fuel, ammunition & stores: 1,992 tons, 10.3 %
   Miscellaneous weights: 100 tons, 0.5 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
   Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
     28,441 lbs / 12,901 Kg = 23.1 x 13.5 " / 343 mm shells or 3.3 torpedoes
   Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.17
   Metacentric height 4.8 ft / 1.5 m
   Roll period: 15.4 seconds
   Steadiness   - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 70 %
         - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.60
   Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.38

Hull form characteristics:
   Hull has raised forecastle
   Block coefficient: 0.696
   Length to Beam Ratio: 6.88 : 1
   'Natural speed' for length: 23.45 kts
   Power going to wave formation at top speed: 39 %
   Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 51
   Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 0.00 degrees
   Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
   Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
      - Stem:      24.00 ft / 7.32 m
      - Forecastle (20 %):   20.00 ft / 6.10 m (16.00 ft / 4.88 m aft of break)
      - Mid (50 %):      16.00 ft / 4.88 m
      - Quarterdeck (15 %):   16.00 ft / 4.88 m
      - Stern:      16.00 ft / 4.88 m
      - Average freeboard:   17.12 ft / 5.22 m
   Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
   Space   - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 66.7 %
      - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 131.3 %
   Waterplane Area: 35,147 Square feet or 3,265 Square metres
   Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 98 %
   Structure weight / hull surface area: 144 lbs/sq ft or 701 Kg/sq metre
   Hull strength (Relative):
      - Cross-sectional: 0.97
      - Longitudinal: 1.21
      - Overall: 1.00
   Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
   Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
   Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
   Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily


*NOTE: This ship is equipped with a 25 ton Marconi*

[Carthaginian]

ORDERED:
B-19 CSS Nuevo Leon (laid down 2nd/1907; to be completed 2nd/1909)
B-20 CSS Coahuila (laid down 2nd/1907; to be completed 2nd/1909)
B-21 CSS Louisiana (laid down 1st/1908; to be completed 1st/1910)
B-22 CSS Arizona (laid down 1st/1910; canceled & scrapped 2nd/1910)

After several design phases, the CSA has finalized the design for it's newest class of dreadnought battleship- the Nuevo Leon. They are not as large as some battleships being built, nor as fast. They are, however, heavily armed and armored in order to fulfill their primary mission: remain afloat and fight the enemy. In order to accomplish this, new experimental armor has been fitted to increase protection (simmed by the odd-number armor measurements).

There are some problems with the design.
For instance, the ships are slightly more vulnerable to torpedo boat attack than desired. The result is that the Nuevo Leon and her sisters will have to be escorted at all times (which has given rise to the latest generation of long-range destroyers).

All in all- firepower, protection and speed taken together- the Nuevo Leon's are average battleships meant to do OK at all things at the expense of shining in one particular area.




Original illustration by Carthaginian

Nuevo Leon, Confederate States of America Battleship laid down 1907 (Engine 1909)

Displacement:
   17,000 t light; 17,976 t standard; 18,844 t normal; 19,538 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
   550.00 ft / 550.00 ft x 82.00 ft x 22.00 ft (normal load)
   169.77 m / 167.64 m x 24.99 m  x 6.71 m

Armament:
      6 - 13.50" / 343 mm guns (3x2 guns), 1,250.00lbs / 566.99kg shells, 1905 Model
     Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
     on centreline, evenly spread
     Aft Main mounts separated by engine room
      12 - 6.00" / 152 mm guns in single mounts, 100.00lbs / 45.36kg shells, 1907 Model
     Breech loading guns in casemate mounts
     on side, evenly spread
     12 guns in hull casemates - Limited use in heavy seas
      10 - 2.24" / 57.0 mm guns in single mounts, 6.00lbs / 2.72kg shells, 1907 Model
     Quick firing guns in deck mounts
     on side ends, evenly spread, 6 raised mounts - superfiring
   Weight of broadside 8,760 lbs / 3,973 kg
   Shells per gun, main battery: 120

Armour:
   - Belts:      Width (max)   Length (avg)      Height (avg)
   Main:   13.7" / 347 mm   350.00 ft / 106.68 m   12.00 ft / 3.66 m
   Ends:   5.25" / 133 mm   200.00 ft / 60.96 m   12.00 ft / 3.66 m
   Upper:   5.25" / 133 mm   300.00 ft / 91.44 m   10.00 ft / 3.05 m
     Main Belt covers 98 % of normal length

   - Gun armour:   Face (max)   Other gunhouse (avg)   Barbette/hoist (max)
   Main:   14.7" / 373 mm   9.20" / 234 mm      12.6" / 320 mm
   2nd:   5.25" / 133 mm   3.45" / 88 mm      3.45" / 88 mm
   3rd:   0.53" / 13 mm         -               -

   - Armour deck: 3.45" / 88 mm, Conning tower: 14.70" / 373 mm

Machinery:
   Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
   Direct drive, 2 shafts, 24,000 shp / 17,904 Kw = 20.24 kts
   Range 6,000nm at 10.00 kts
   Bunker at max displacement = 1,562 tons

Complement:
   803 - 1,045

Cost:
   £1.665 million / $6.659 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
   Armament: 1,092 tons, 5.8 %
   Armour: 7,990 tons, 42.4 %
      - Belts: 3,700 tons, 19.6 %
      - Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0.0 %
      - Armament: 1,832 tons, 9.7 %
      - Armour Deck: 2,235 tons, 11.9 %
      - Conning Tower: 224 tons, 1.2 %
   Machinery: 1,091 tons, 5.8 %
   Hull, fittings & equipment: 6,803 tons, 36.1 %
   Fuel, ammunition & stores: 1,844 tons, 9.8 %
   Miscellaneous weights: 25 tons, 0.1 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
   Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
     29,373 lbs / 13,323 Kg = 23.9 x 13.5 " / 343 mm shells or 3.6 torpedoes
   Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.16
   Metacentric height 4.9 ft / 1.5 m
   Roll period: 15.6 seconds
   Steadiness   - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 70 %
         - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.55
   Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.33

Hull form characteristics:
   Hull has a flush deck
   Block coefficient: 0.665
   Length to Beam Ratio: 6.71 : 1
   'Natural speed' for length: 23.45 kts
   Power going to wave formation at top speed: 43 %
   Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 53
   Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 0.0 degrees
   Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
   Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
      - Stem:      24.00 ft / 7.32 m
      - Forecastle (20 %):   16.00 ft / 4.88 m
      - Mid (50 %):      16.00 ft / 4.88 m
      - Quarterdeck (15 %):   16.00 ft / 4.88 m
      - Stern:      16.00 ft / 4.88 m
      - Average freeboard:   16.64 ft / 5.07 m
   Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
   Space   - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 63.6 %
      - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 132.9 %
   Waterplane Area: 35,017 Square feet or 3,253 Square metres
   Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 100 %
   Structure weight / hull surface area: 147 lbs/sq ft or 716 Kg/sq metre
   Hull strength (Relative):
      - Cross-sectional: 0.97
      - Longitudinal: 1.21
      - Overall: 1.00
   Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
   Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
   Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
   Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily


*NOTE: This ship is equipped with a 25 ton Marconi*

[Carthaginian]

Finally convinced of the need for a battleship that is fir for more than simple coastal defense work, the CSA has finished plans for a more powerful battleship to be built between 1910 and 1913. It will be the CSA's first true Arcadia-type battleship. Carrying 4 twin 13.5" turrets and armed with new 1500-pound shells, the Oklahoma and her sisters are designed to be powerful and economical. Displacing only 1500 tons more than then Nuevo Leon class light, the Oklahoma has 1/3 more firepower. Three units are planned for laydown in 1910 and 1911.

B-22 CSS Oklahoma
B-23 CSS Arizona
B-24 CSS New Mexico Reordered to the Alabama class design.
B-26 CSS Arkansas (Constructed with Confederate plans in Maoria)
B-27 CSS California (Constructed with Confederate plans in Japan)

Original Illustration by Carthaginian


(Click for full-sized image)

CSS Oklahoma, CSA Battleship laid down 1910 (Engine 1909)

Displacement:
   18,500 t light; 19,650 t standard; 20,601 t normal; 21,362 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
   500.00 ft / 500.00 ft x 90.00 ft x 24.50 ft (normal load)
   152.40 m / 152.40 m x 27.43 m  x 7.47 m

Armament:
      8 - 13.50" / 343 mm guns (4x2 guns), 1,500.00lbs / 680.39kg shells, 1910 Model
     Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
     on centreline, evenly spread, 1 raised mount
     Aft Main mounts separated by engine room
      10 - 5.50" / 140 mm guns in single mounts, 75.00lbs / 34.02kg shells, 1910 Model
     Breech loading guns in casemate mounts
     on side, all amidships
     10 guns in hull casemates - Limited use in heavy seas
      10 - 2.25" / 57.2 mm guns in single mounts, 6.00lbs / 2.72kg shells, 1910 Model
     Quick firing guns in deck mounts
     on side, evenly spread, 6 raised mounts
      8 - 1.00" / 25.4 mm guns (4x2 guns), 0.50lbs / 0.23kg shells, 1910 Model
     Machine guns in deck mounts
     on side, evenly spread, all raised mounts
      12 - 3.50" / 88.9 mm guns in single mounts, 20.00lbs / 9.07kg shells, 1910 Model
     Quick firing guns in casemate mounts
     on side, evenly spread
     12 guns in hull casemates - Limited use in heavy seas
   Weight of broadside 13,054 lbs / 5,921 kg
   Shells per gun, main battery: 100

Armour:
   - Belts:      Width (max)   Length (avg)      Height (avg)
   Main:   13.0" / 330 mm   350.00 ft / 106.68 m   16.00 ft / 4.88 m
   Ends:   4.00" / 102 mm   150.00 ft / 45.72 m   12.00 ft / 3.66 m
   Upper:   6.00" / 152 mm   200.00 ft / 60.96 m   8.00 ft / 2.44 m
     Main Belt covers 108 % of normal length

   - Gun armour:   Face (max)   Other gunhouse (avg)   Barbette/hoist (max)
   Main:   13.0" / 330 mm   4.00" / 102 mm      12.0" / 305 mm
   2nd:   6.00" / 152 mm   4.00" / 102 mm      4.00" / 102 mm
   3rd:   1.00" / 25 mm         -               -
   4th:   0.50" / 13 mm         -               -

   - Armour deck: 2.50" / 64 mm, Conning tower: 13.00" / 330 mm

Machinery:
   Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
   Direct drive, 4 shafts, 26,000 shp / 19,396 Kw = 20.18 kts
   Range 6,400nm at 10.00 kts
   Bunker at max displacement = 1,712 tons

Complement:
   859 - 1,117

Cost:
   £1.967 million / $7.868 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
   Armament: 1,374 tons, 6.7 %
   Armour: 7,749 tons, 37.6 %
      - Belts: 3,951 tons, 19.2 %
      - Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0.0 %
      - Armament: 1,987 tons, 9.6 %
      - Armour Deck: 1,600 tons, 7.8 %
      - Conning Tower: 210 tons, 1.0 %
   Machinery: 1,182 tons, 5.7 %
   Hull, fittings & equipment: 7,743 tons, 37.6 %
   Fuel, ammunition & stores: 2,101 tons, 10.2 %
   Miscellaneous weights: 452 tons, 2.2 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
   Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
     26,117 lbs / 11,847 Kg = 21.2 x 13.5 " / 343 mm shells or 3.3 torpedoes
   Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.08
   Metacentric height 4.9 ft / 1.5 m
   Roll period: 17.0 seconds
   Steadiness   - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 71 %
         - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.71
   Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.24

Hull form characteristics:
   Hull has rise forward of midbreak
   Block coefficient: 0.654
   Length to Beam Ratio: 5.56 : 1
   'Natural speed' for length: 22.36 kts
   Power going to wave formation at top speed: 48 %
   Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 57
   Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 0.00 degrees
   Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
   Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
      - Stem:      25.00 ft / 7.62 m
      - Forecastle (15 %):   20.00 ft / 6.10 m
      - Mid (50 %):      20.00 ft / 6.10 m (12.00 ft / 3.66 m aft of break)
      - Quarterdeck (15 %):   12.00 ft / 3.66 m
      - Stern:      12.00 ft / 3.66 m
      - Average freeboard:   16.30 ft / 4.97 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
   Space   - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 72.0 %
      - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 122.8 %
   Waterplane Area: 34,599 Square feet or 3,214 Square metres
   Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 96 %
   Structure weight / hull surface area: 171 lbs/sq ft or 837 Kg/sq metre
   Hull strength (Relative):
      - Cross-sectional: 0.94
      - Longitudinal: 1.67
      - Overall: 1.00
   Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
   Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
   Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
   Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily

Misc weight:
250t: Fire Control
25t: Long Range Marconi
10t: Short Range Marconi
50t: Flag Facilities
117t: Reserve

[Guinness]

Bolstered by news of conflict in the Balkans, the administration was able to get a new battleship authorized, to be named CSS Alabama, and planned for construction at New Orleans. She is an evolutionary design based on the preceding Oklahoma class, but substituting 3 triple 13.5 inch turrets for Oklahoma's 4 twins. On marginally larger displacement, she also has a revised secondary armament (2.25" guns are no longer considered heavy enough to repel modern torpedo craft), and slightly modified protection.

Soon after, the last member of the preceding Oklahoma class, CSS New Mexico was reordered to be built to the Alabama design.

B-24 CSS New Mexico
B-25 CSS Alabama


(Click image for full resolution)

CSS Alabama, CSA Battleship laid down 1912 (Engine 1909)

Displacement:
   20,000 t light; 21,272 t standard; 22,270 t normal; 23,068 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
   530.00 ft / 530.00 ft x 88.00 ft x 25.75 ft (normal load)
   161.54 m / 161.54 m x 26.82 m  x 7.85 m

Armament:
      9 - 13.50" / 343 mm guns (3x3 guns), 1,500.00lbs / 680.39kg shells, 1912 Model
     Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
     on centreline ends, majority aft, 1 raised mount aft - superfiring
      12 - 5.50" / 140 mm guns in single mounts, 75.00lbs / 34.02kg shells, 1912 Model
     Breech loading guns in casemate mounts
     on side ends, evenly spread
     10 guns in hull casemates - Limited use in heavy seas
      8 - 1.00" / 25.4 mm guns in single mounts, 0.50lbs / 0.23kg shells, 1912 Model
     Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts
     on side, evenly spread, all raised mounts
      12 - 3.50" / 88.9 mm guns in single mounts, 20.00lbs / 9.07kg shells, 1912 Model
     Breech loading guns in deck mounts
     on side, evenly spread, 6 raised mounts
   Weight of broadside 14,644 lbs / 6,642 kg
   Shells per gun, main battery: 100

Armour:
   - Belts:      Width (max)   Length (avg)      Height (avg)
   Main:   13.0" / 330 mm   350.00 ft / 106.68 m   16.00 ft / 4.88 m
   Ends:   3.00" / 76 mm   180.00 ft / 54.86 m   12.00 ft / 3.66 m
   Upper:   5.00" / 127 mm   176.50 ft / 53.80 m   12.00 ft / 3.66 m
     Main Belt covers 102 % of normal length

   - Torpedo Bulkhead:
      1.25" / 32 mm   350.00 ft / 106.68 m   30.00 ft / 9.14 m

   - Gun armour:   Face (max)   Other gunhouse (avg)   Barbette/hoist (max)
   Main:   13.0" / 330 mm   4.00" / 102 mm      11.0" / 279 mm
   2nd:   6.00" / 152 mm   4.00" / 102 mm      4.00" / 102 mm
   4th:   0.50" / 13 mm         -               -
   5th:   1.00" / 25 mm         -               -

   - Armour deck: 2.66" / 68 mm, Conning tower: 13.00" / 330 mm

Machinery:
   Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
   Direct drive, 4 shafts, 26,428 shp / 19,716 Kw = 20.18 kts
   Range 6,390nm at 10.00 kts
   Bunker at max displacement = 1,796 tons

Complement:
   910 - 1,184

Cost:
   £2.163 million / $8.652 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
   Armament: 1,541 tons, 6.9 %
   Armour: 8,251 tons, 37.1 %
      - Belts: 4,015 tons, 18.0 %
      - Torpedo bulkhead: 486 tons, 2.2 %
      - Armament: 1,772 tons, 8.0 %
      - Armour Deck: 1,757 tons, 7.9 %
      - Conning Tower: 222 tons, 1.0 %
   Machinery: 1,201 tons, 5.4 %
   Hull, fittings & equipment: 8,592 tons, 38.6 %
   Fuel, ammunition & stores: 2,270 tons, 10.2 %
   Miscellaneous weights: 414 tons, 1.9 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
   Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
     27,729 lbs / 12,578 Kg = 22.5 x 13.5 " / 343 mm shells or 4.8 torpedoes
   Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.09
   Metacentric height 4.9 ft / 1.5 m
   Roll period: 16.7 seconds
   Steadiness   - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 71 %
         - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.83
   Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.34

Hull form characteristics:
   Hull has raised forecastle, rise forward of midbreak
   Block coefficient: 0.649
   Length to Beam Ratio: 6.02 : 1
   'Natural speed' for length: 23.02 kts
   Power going to wave formation at top speed: 46 %
   Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 53
   Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 0.00 degrees
   Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
   Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
      - Stem:      25.00 ft / 7.62 m
      - Forecastle (15 %):   23.00 ft / 7.01 m (20.00 ft / 6.10 m aft of break)
      - Mid (50 %):      20.00 ft / 6.10 m (12.00 ft / 3.66 m aft of break)
      - Quarterdeck (15 %):   12.00 ft / 3.66 m
      - Stern:      12.00 ft / 3.66 m
      - Average freeboard:   16.57 ft / 5.05 m
   Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
   Space   - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 93.7 %
      - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 119.5 %
   Waterplane Area: 35,696 Square feet or 3,316 Square metres
   Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 95 %
   Structure weight / hull surface area: 180 lbs/sq ft or 880 Kg/sq metre
   Hull strength (Relative):
      - Cross-sectional: 0.94
      - Longitudinal: 1.59
      - Overall: 1.00
   Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate
   Room for accommodation and workspaces is adequate
   Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
   Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily

Misc Weights:
250 t Fire Control
25 t Marconi
10 t Marconi
65 t Flag Facilities
64 t Reserve

[Guinness]

Spurred on by the experience of the recent around the world cruise, and by the continued aggressive assertive Colombian building program, in 1916 the CSA will lay down a new class of battleships, the Tennessee class.

Although tempted to answer the Radiantes directly, the CSN eventually decided to request from Congress authorization for two more conservative ships armed with more powerful 15 inch 2000 pounder guns.

Early design drafts had these ships equipped with a secondary armament housed only in gunhouses, similar to the Enterprise class. However, a certain amount of buyers remorse on the decision to abandon casemates in the Enterprises, coupled with a desire to mount a heavier secondary broadside led to the decision to return to casemates for the Tennessees.

Two ships will be laid down in 1916:
B-28 CSS Tennessee
B-29 CSS Sonora









(Click on each image to view full size)

CSS Tennessee, CSA Battleship laid down 1916 (Engine 1912)

Displacement:
   30,300 t light; 32,081 t standard; 34,226 t normal; 35,943 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
   668.00 ft / 655.00 ft x 104.00 ft x 27.65 ft (normal load)
   203.61 m / 199.64 m x 31.70 m  x 8.43 m

Armament:
      8 - 15.00" / 381 mm guns (4x2 guns), 2,000.00lbs / 907.18kg shells, 1916 Model
     Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
     on centreline ends, evenly spread, 2 raised mounts - superfiring
      8 - 5.50" / 140 mm guns (4x2 guns), 75.00lbs / 34.02kg shells, 1916 Model
     Breech loading guns in deck mounts with hoists
     on side, all amidships
      12 - 1.00" / 25.4 mm guns (6x2 guns), 0.50lbs / 0.23kg shells, 1916 Model
     Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts
     on side, evenly spread, all raised mounts
      2 - 1.58" / 40.0 mm guns in single mounts, 2.00lbs / 0.91kg shells, 1916 Model
     Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts
     on side, all amidships, all raised mounts - superfiring
      10 - 5.50" / 140 mm guns in single mounts, 75.00lbs / 34.02kg shells, 1916 Model
     Breech loading guns in casemate mounts
     on side, evenly spread
     6 guns in hull casemates - Limited use in heavy seas
   Weight of broadside 17,360 lbs / 7,874 kg
   Shells per gun, main battery: 112

Armour:
   - Belts:      Width (max)   Length (avg)      Height (avg)
   Main:   13.5" / 343 mm   426.00 ft / 129.84 m   16.00 ft / 4.88 m
   Ends:   Unarmoured
     Main Belt covers 100 % of normal length

   - Torpedo Bulkhead:
      2.50" / 64 mm   426.00 ft / 129.84 m   29.50 ft / 8.99 m

   - Gun armour:   Face (max)   Other gunhouse (avg)   Barbette/hoist (max)
   Main:   16.0" / 406 mm   7.00" / 178 mm      13.5" / 343 mm
   2nd:   1.50" / 38 mm   1.00" / 25 mm      3.00" / 76 mm
   3rd:   0.50" / 13 mm         -               -
   4th:         -      1.00" / 25 mm            -
   5th:   1.50" / 38 mm         -         3.00" / 76 mm

   - Armour deck: 4.00" / 102 mm, Conning tower: 15.00" / 381 mm

Machinery:
   Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
   Direct drive, 4 shafts, 53,300 shp / 39,762 Kw = 23.01 kts
   Range 8,352nm at 12.00 kts
   Bunker at max displacement = 3,862 tons

Complement:
   1,257 - 1,635

Cost:
   £4.801 million / $19.203 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
   Armament: 1,876 tons, 5.5 %
   Armour: 12,459 tons, 36.4 %
      - Belts: 4,044 tons, 11.8 %
      - Torpedo bulkhead: 1,162 tons, 3.4 %
      - Armament: 3,100 tons, 9.1 %
      - Armour Deck: 3,812 tons, 11.1 %
      - Conning Tower: 341 tons, 1.0 %
   Machinery: 2,125 tons, 6.2 %
   Hull, fittings & equipment: 13,393 tons, 39.1 %
   Fuel, ammunition & stores: 3,926 tons, 11.5 %
   Miscellaneous weights: 447 tons, 1.3 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
   Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
     51,960 lbs / 23,569 Kg = 30.8 x 15.0 " / 381 mm shells or 9.5 torpedoes
   Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.12
   Metacentric height 6.5 ft / 2.0 m
   Roll period: 17.1 seconds
   Steadiness   - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 70 %
         - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.69
   Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.35

Hull form characteristics:
   Hull has rise forward of midbreak
   Block coefficient: 0.636
   Length to Beam Ratio: 6.30 : 1
   'Natural speed' for length: 25.59 kts
   Power going to wave formation at top speed: 46 %
   Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 52
   Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 24.52 degrees
   Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
   Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
      - Stem:      28.50 ft / 8.69 m
      - Forecastle (18 %):   25.00 ft / 7.62 m
      - Mid (50 %):      23.25 ft / 7.09 m (15.50 ft / 4.72 m aft of break)
      - Quarterdeck (18 %):   15.50 ft / 4.72 m
      - Stern:      15.50 ft / 4.72 m
      - Average freeboard:   20.19 ft / 6.15 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
   Space   - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 79.3 %
      - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 154.4 %
   Waterplane Area: 51,516 Square feet or 4,786 Square metres
   Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 106 %
   Structure weight / hull surface area: 197 lbs/sq ft or 963 Kg/sq metre
   Hull strength (Relative):
      - Cross-sectional: 0.96
      - Longitudinal: 1.38
      - Overall: 1.00
   Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
   Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
   Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
   Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily

Misc Weights:
250 t Fire Control
25 t Marconi
25 t Marconi
50 t Flag Facilities
97t: Reserve

Endurance: 5532 miles at 12 knots + 1 day at top speed