First Class Cruisers

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Information on First Class Cruisers of the Royal Navy.

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Ships in Class: Ariadne, Cadence, Spartiate, Europa, Nile, Argonaut, Diadem, Andromeda

Ariadne, United Kingdom First Class Cruiser laid down 1895

Displacement:
   9,485 t light; 9,895 t standard; 11,000 t normal; 11,884 t full load

Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
   (435.00 ft / 435.00 ft) x 69.00 ft x (25.50 / 27.04 ft)
   (132.59 m / 132.59 m) x 21.03 m  x (7.77 / 8.24 m)

Armament:
      14 - 6.00" / 152 mm 40.0 cal guns - 100.00lbs / 45.36kg shells, 200 per gun
     Breech loading guns in deck mounts, 1895 Model
     2 x Single mounts on centreline ends, evenly spread
     12 x Single mounts on sides, evenly spread
      8 hull mounts in casemates- Limited use in heavy seas
      14 - 3.00" / 76.2 mm 40.0 cal guns - 12.50lbs / 5.67kg shells, 350 per gun
     Quick firing guns in deck mounts, 1895 Model
     14 x Single mounts on sides, evenly spread
      Weight of broadside 1,575 lbs / 714 kg

Armour:
   - Belts:      Width (max)   Length (avg)      Height (avg)
   Main:   4.00" / 102 mm   282.75 ft / 86.18 m   15.00 ft / 4.57 m
   Ends:   2.00" / 51 mm   152.23 ft / 46.40 m   15.00 ft / 4.57 m
     Main Belt covers 100 % of normal length

   - Gun armour:   Face (max)   Other gunhouse (avg)   Barbette/hoist (max)
   Main:   4.00" / 102 mm   2.00" / 51 mm            -
   2nd:   1.00" / 25 mm         -               -

   - Protected deck - multiple decks:
   For and Aft decks: 4.00" / 102 mm
   Forecastle: 2.50" / 64 mm  Quarter deck: 2.50" / 64 mm

   - Conning towers: Forward 12.00" / 305 mm, Aft 0.00" / 0 mm

Machinery:
   Coal fired boilers, complex reciprocating steam engines,
   Direct drive, 2 shafts, 18,000 ihp / 13,428 Kw = 20.45 kts
   Range 7,000nm at 10.00 kts
   Bunker at max displacement = 1,990 tons (100% coal)

Complement:
   536 - 698

Cost:
   £0.828 million / $3.312 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
   Armament: 222 tons, 2.0 %
      - Guns: 222 tons, 2.0 %
   Armour: 2,695 tons, 24.5 %
      - Belts: 905 tons, 8.2 %
      - Armament: 271 tons, 2.5 %
      - Armour Deck: 1,392 tons, 12.7 %
      - Conning Tower: 128 tons, 1.2 %
   Machinery: 3,051 tons, 27.7 %
   Hull, fittings & equipment: 2,992 tons, 27.2 %
   Fuel, ammunition & stores: 1,515 tons, 13.8 %
   Miscellaneous weights: 525 tons, 4.8 %
      - Hull above water: 225 tons
      - On freeboard deck: 250 tons
      - Above deck: 50 tons

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
   Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
     14,073 lbs / 6,383 Kg = 130.3 x 6.0 " / 152 mm shells or 1.7 torpedoes
   Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.47
   Metacentric height 5.6 ft / 1.7 m
   Roll period: 12.3 seconds
   Steadiness   - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 100 %
         - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.12
   Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 2.00

Hull form characteristics:
   Hull has rise forward of midbreak,
     a normal bow and a cruiser stern
   Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.503 / 0.512
   Length to Beam Ratio: 6.30 : 1
   'Natural speed' for length: 20.86 kts
   Power going to wave formation at top speed: 48 %
   Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
   Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 0.00 degrees
   Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
   Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
            Fore end,    Aft end
      - Forecastle:   20.00 %,  24.00 ft / 7.32 m,  24.00 ft / 7.32 m
      - Forward deck:   45.00 %,  24.00 ft / 7.32 m,  24.00 ft / 7.32 m
      - Aft deck:   20.00 %,  15.00 ft / 4.57 m,  15.00 ft / 4.57 m
      - Quarter deck:   15.00 %,  15.00 ft / 4.57 m,  15.00 ft / 4.57 m
      - Average freeboard:      20.85 ft / 6.36 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
   Space   - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 99.7 %
      - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 151.3 %
   Waterplane Area: 20,053 Square feet or 1,863 Square metres
   Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 110 %
   Structure weight / hull surface area: 97 lbs/sq ft or 475 Kg/sq metre
   Hull strength (Relative):
      - Cross-sectional: 0.90
      - Longitudinal: 2.53
      - Overall: 1.00
   Adequate machinery, storage, compartmentation space
   Excellent accommodation and workspace room
   Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
   Excellent seaboat, comfortable, can fire her guns in the heaviest weather

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Ships in Class: Cressy, Princess Royal, Euryalus, Bacchante, Terrible, Gibraltar

Cressy, United Kingdom First Class Cruiser laid down 1898

Displacement:
   10,980 t light; 11,413 t standard; 12,551 t normal; 13,462 t full load

Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
   (440.00 ft / 440.00 ft) x 69.50 ft x (26.00 / 27.49 ft)
   (134.11 m / 134.11 m) x 21.18 m  x (7.92 / 8.38 m)

Armament:
      2 - 9.20" / 234 mm 40.0 cal guns - 380.00lbs / 172.37kg shells, 125 per gun
     Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mounts, 1898 Model
     2 x Single mounts on centreline ends, evenly spread
      12 - 6.00" / 152 mm 40.0 cal guns - 100.00lbs / 45.36kg shells, 150 per gun
     Breech loading guns in casemate mounts, 1898 Model
     12 x Single mounts on sides, forward evenly spread
      12 hull mounts in casemates- Limited use in heavy seas
      12 - 3.00" / 76.2 mm 40.0 cal guns - 12.50lbs / 5.67kg shells, 350 per gun
     Quick firing guns in deck mounts, 1898 Model
     12 x Single mounts on sides, evenly spread
      Weight of broadside 2,110 lbs / 957 kg

Armour:
   - Belts:      Width (max)   Length (avg)      Height (avg)
   Main:   6.00" / 152 mm   294.80 ft / 89.86 m   15.00 ft / 4.57 m
   Ends:   3.00" / 76 mm   145.18 ft / 44.25 m   15.00 ft / 4.57 m
   Upper:   5.00" / 127 mm   294.80 ft / 89.86 m   9.00 ft / 2.74 m
     Main Belt covers 103 % of normal length

   - Gun armour:   Face (max)   Other gunhouse (avg)   Barbette/hoist (max)
   Main:   7.00" / 178 mm   3.00" / 76 mm      5.00" / 127 mm
   2nd:   5.00" / 127 mm   2.00" / 51 mm      53.0" / 1,346 mm

   - Armoured deck - multiple decks:
   For and Aft decks: 3.00" / 76 mm
   Forecastle: 1.00" / 25 mm  Quarter deck: 1.00" / 25 mm

   - Conning towers: Forward 6.00" / 152 mm, Aft 0.00" / 0 mm

Machinery:
   Coal fired boilers, complex reciprocating steam engines,
   Direct drive, 2 shafts, 22,000 ihp / 16,412 Kw = 21.02 kts
   Range 7,000nm at 10.00 kts
   Bunker at max displacement = 2,049 tons (100% coal)

Complement:
   592 - 770

Cost:
   £1.002 million / $4.009 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
   Armament: 375 tons, 3.0 %
      - Guns: 375 tons, 3.0 %
   Armour: 3,562 tons, 28.4 %
      - Belts: 1,963 tons, 15.6 %
      - Armament: 470 tons, 3.7 %
      - Armour Deck: 1,059 tons, 8.4 %
      - Conning Tower: 70 tons, 0.6 %
   Machinery: 3,548 tons, 28.3 %
   Hull, fittings & equipment: 3,269 tons, 26.0 %
   Fuel, ammunition & stores: 1,571 tons, 12.5 %
   Miscellaneous weights: 225 tons, 1.8 %
      - Hull above water: 50 tons
      - On freeboard deck: 175 tons

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
   Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
     14,759 lbs / 6,695 Kg = 37.9 x 9.2 " / 234 mm shells or 1.7 torpedoes
   Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.42
   Metacentric height 5.3 ft / 1.6 m
   Roll period: 12.6 seconds
   Steadiness   - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 98 %
         - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.24
   Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.96

Hull form characteristics:
   Hull has rise forward of midbreak,
     a normal bow and a cruiser stern
   Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.553 / 0.560
   Length to Beam Ratio: 6.33 : 1
   'Natural speed' for length: 20.98 kts
   Power going to wave formation at top speed: 50 %
   Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
   Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 0.00 degrees
   Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
   Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
            Fore end,    Aft end
      - Forecastle:   18.00 %,  24.00 ft / 7.32 m,  24.00 ft / 7.32 m
      - Forward deck:   50.00 %,  24.00 ft / 7.32 m,  24.00 ft / 7.32 m
      - Aft deck:   17.00 %,  15.00 ft / 4.57 m,  15.00 ft / 4.57 m
      - Quarter deck:   15.00 %,  15.00 ft / 4.57 m,  15.00 ft / 4.57 m
      - Average freeboard:      21.12 ft / 6.44 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
   Space   - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 102.1 %
      - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 149.5 %
   Waterplane Area: 21,392 Square feet or 1,987 Square metres
   Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 104 %
   Structure weight / hull surface area: 103 lbs/sq ft or 502 Kg/sq metre
   Hull strength (Relative):
      - Cross-sectional: 0.91
      - Longitudinal: 2.46
      - Overall: 1.00
   Adequate machinery, storage, compartmentation space
   Excellent accommodation and workspace room
   Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
   Excellent seaboat, comfortable, can fire her guns in the heaviest weather