Frigates

[Korpen]

Armoured Frigates of the Koninklijke Marine.
As of 1916 "Armoured" is droped from designation.

Holland, Netherlands Armoured firgate laid down 1889

Holland, comp. 5/87 Scrapped 1912
Belgium, comp. 6/87 Scrapped 1912
Luxembourg, comp. 10/88 Scrapped

Displacement:
   8 607 t light; 8 919 t standard; 10 478 t normal; 11 725 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
   390,42 ft / 387,14 ft x 55,77 ft x 26,25 ft (normal load)
   119,00 m / 118,00 m x 17,00 m  x 8,00 m

Armament:
      4 - 8,27" / 210 mm guns in single mounts, 264,55lbs / 120,00kg shells, 1889 Model
     Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
     on centreline ends, evenly spread
      6 - 5,91" / 150 mm guns in single mounts, 88,18lbs / 40,00kg shells, 1889 Model
     Breech loading guns in casemate mounts
     on side, all amidships
      4 - 5,91" / 150 mm guns in single mounts, 88,18lbs / 40,00kg shells, 1889 Model
     Breech loading guns in deck mounts
     on side, all amidships, all raised mounts - superfiring
      8 - 3,46" / 88,0 mm guns in single mounts, 19,84lbs / 9,00kg shells, 1900 Model
     Quick firing guns in deck mounts
     on side, evenly spread
   Weight of broadside 2 099 lbs / 952 kg
   Shells per gun, main battery: 80
   4 - 17,7" / 450 mm submerged torpedo tubes

Armour:
   - Belts:      Width (max)   Length (avg)      Height (avg)
   Main:   5,91" / 150 mm   314,96 ft / 96,00 m   13,12 ft / 4,00 m
   Ends:   3,35" / 85 mm     72,18 ft / 22,00 m   9,84 ft / 3,00 m
   Upper:   3,35" / 85 mm   255,91 ft / 78,00 m   8,20 ft / 2,50 m
     Main Belt covers 125 % of normal length

   - Gun armour:   Face (max)   Other gunhouse (avg)   Barbette/hoist (max)
   Main:   6,10" / 155 mm   3,35" / 85 mm      3,94" / 100 mm
   2nd:   2,95" / 75 mm         -               -
   3rd:   1,97" / 50 mm         -               -
   4th:   0,98" / 25 mm         -               -

   - Armour deck: 1,97" / 50 mm, Conning tower: 0,98" / 25 mm

Machinery:
   Coal fired boilers, complex reciprocating steam engines,
   Direct drive, 2 shafts, 15 000 ihp / 11 190 Kw = 19,25 kts
   Range 6 000nm at 12,00 kts
   Bunker at max displacement = 2 807 tons (100% coal)

Complement:
   517 - 673

Cost:
   £0,934 million / $3,738 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
   Armament: 287 tons, 2,7 %
   Armour: 2 356 tons, 22,5 %
      - Belts: 1 406 tons, 13,4 %
      - Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0,0 %
      - Armament: 340 tons, 3,2 %
      - Armour Deck: 601 tons, 5,7 %
      - Conning Tower: 10 tons, 0,1 %
   Machinery: 2 802 tons, 26,7 %
   Hull, fittings & equipment: 2 862 tons, 27,3 %
   Fuel, ammunition & stores: 1 871 tons, 17,9 %
   Miscellaneous weights: 300 tons, 2,9 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
   Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
     6 457 lbs / 2 929 Kg = 23,2 x 8,3 " / 210 mm shells or 1,0 torpedoes
   Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1,23
   Metacentric height 3,0 ft / 0,9 m
   Roll period: 13,5 seconds
   Steadiness   - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 68 %
         - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0,34
   Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1,34

Hull form characteristics:
   Hull has rise forward of midbreak
   Block coefficient: 0,647
   Length to Beam Ratio: 6,94 : 1
   'Natural speed' for length: 19,68 kts
   Power going to wave formation at top speed: 51 %
   Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 51
   Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): -15,00 degrees
   Stern overhang: 3,28 ft / 1,00 m
   Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
      - Stem:      21,00 ft / 6,40 m
      - Forecastle (20 %):   19,69 ft / 6,00 m
      - Mid (25 %):      19,69 ft / 6,00 m (12,14 ft / 3,70 m aft of break)
      - Quarterdeck (15 %):   12,14 ft / 3,70 m
      - Stern:      12,14 ft / 3,70 m
      - Average freeboard:   14,13 ft / 4,31 m
   Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
   Space   - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 117,9 %
      - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 77,3 %
   Waterplane Area: 16 497 Square feet or 1 533 Square metres
   Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 99 %
   Structure weight / hull surface area: 109 lbs/sq ft or 533 Kg/sq metre
   Hull strength (Relative):
      - Cross-sectional: 1,03
      - Longitudinal: 2,02
      - Overall: 1,10
   Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
   Room for accommodation and workspaces is cramped
   Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily

[Korpen]

Koningin Emma der Nederlanden, Netherlands Armoured firgate laid down 1891


Koningin Emma der Nederladen, comp. 7/92 - Sunk 17 Jan 1908
Duke Arenberg, comp. 5/93 - Refitted 1909
Marquis der Brugge, comp. 2/95 - Refitted 1909
Count der Assen, comp.4/95 retired, awaiting scrapping

Displacement:
   9 303 t light; 9 638 t standard; 11 175 t normal; 12 405 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
   396,98 ft / 393,70 ft x 65,62 ft x 26,25 ft (normal load)
   121,00 m / 120,00 m x 20,00 m  x 8,00 m

Armament:
      4 - 8,27" / 210 mm guns in single mounts, 264,55lbs / 120,00kg shells, 1891 Model
     Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
     on centreline ends, evenly spread
      12 - 5,91" / 150 mm guns in single mounts, 88,18lbs / 40,00kg shells, 1891 Model
     Breech loading guns in casemate mounts
     on side, all amidships
      8 - 3,46" / 88,0 mm guns in single mounts, 20,79lbs / 9,43kg shells, 1900 Model
     Breech loading guns in casemate mounts
     on side, evenly spread, all raised mounts
   Weight of broadside 2 283 lbs / 1 035 kg
   Shells per gun, main battery: 80
   4 - 17,7" / 450 mm submerged torpedo tubes

Armour:
   - Belts:      Width (max)   Length (avg)      Height (avg)
   Main:   5,91" / 150 mm   311,68 ft / 95,00 m   13,12 ft / 4,00 m
   Ends:   3,15" / 80 mm     82,02 ft / 25,00 m   9,84 ft / 3,00 m
   Upper:   3,94" / 100 mm   255,91 ft / 78,00 m   8,20 ft / 2,50 m
     Main Belt covers 122 % of normal length

   - Gun armour:   Face (max)   Other gunhouse (avg)   Barbette/hoist (max)
   Main:   6,10" / 155 mm   3,46" / 88 mm      3,94" / 100 mm
   2nd:   3,94" / 100 mm         -               -
   3rd:   0,98" / 25 mm         -               -

   - Armour deck: 2,13" / 54 mm

Machinery:
   Coal fired boilers, complex reciprocating steam engines,
   Direct drive, 2 shafts, 16 001 ihp / 11 936 Kw = 19,48 kts
   Range 6 000nm at 12,00 kts
   Bunker at max displacement = 2 767 tons (100% coal)

Complement:
   543 - 706

Cost:
   £0,999 million / $3,995 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
   Armament: 317 tons, 2,8 %
   Armour: 2 619 tons, 23,4 %
      - Belts: 1 472 tons, 13,2 %
      - Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0,0 %
      - Armament: 420 tons, 3,8 %
      - Armour Deck: 727 tons, 6,5 %
      - Conning Tower: 0 tons, 0,0 %
   Machinery: 2 909 tons, 26,0 %
   Hull, fittings & equipment: 3 158 tons, 28,3 %
   Fuel, ammunition & stores: 1 872 tons, 16,8 %
   Miscellaneous weights: 300 tons, 2,7 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
   Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
     7 910 lbs / 3 588 Kg = 28,0 x 8,3 " / 210 mm shells or 1,3 torpedoes
   Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1,35
   Metacentric height 4,5 ft / 1,4 m
   Roll period: 13,0 seconds
   Steadiness   - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 71 %
         - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0,19
   Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1,40

Hull form characteristics:
   Hull has rise forward of midbreak
   Block coefficient: 0,577
   Length to Beam Ratio: 6,00 : 1
   'Natural speed' for length: 19,84 kts
   Power going to wave formation at top speed: 51 %
   Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 51
   Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): -15,00 degrees
   Stern overhang: 3,28 ft / 1,00 m
   Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
      - Stem:      21,00 ft / 6,40 m
      - Forecastle (20 %):   20,34 ft / 6,20 m
      - Mid (25 %):      20,34 ft / 6,20 m (12,14 ft / 3,70 m aft of break)
      - Quarterdeck (15 %):   12,14 ft / 3,70 m
      - Stern:      12,14 ft / 3,70 m
      - Average freeboard:   14,24 ft / 4,34 m
   Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
   Space   - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 114,7 %
      - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 82,8 %
   Waterplane Area: 18 489 Square feet or 1 718 Square metres
   Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 99 %
   Structure weight / hull surface area: 114 lbs/sq ft or 556 Kg/sq metre
   Hull strength (Relative):
      - Cross-sectional: 1,02
      - Longitudinal: 2,10
      - Overall: 1,10
   Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
   Room for accommodation and workspaces is cramped
   Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
   Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily

[Korpen]

Antwerp, Netherlands Armoured Frigate  laid down 1895
HMS Antwerp Laid Down 1895, Comp. 6/97, refitted 1913
HMS Amsterdam Laid Down 1895, Comp. 11/97, refitted 1913


Displacement:
   11 333 t light; 11 799 t standard; 13 263 t normal; 14 434 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
   410,11 ft / 410,11 ft x 72,18 ft x 26,25 ft (normal load)
   125,00 m / 125,00 m x 22,00 m  x 8,00 m

Armament:
     4 - 8,27" / 210 mm guns (2x2 guns), 264,55lbs / 120,00kg shells, 1895 Model
     Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
     on centreline ends, evenly spread, 1 raised mount aft - superfiring
     6 - 8,27" / 210 mm guns in single mounts, 264,55lbs / 120,00kg shells, 1895 Model
     Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
     on side, all amidships
     12 - 4,72" / 120 mm guns in single mounts, 52,91lbs / 24,00kg shells, 1895 Model
     Quick firing guns in casemate mounts
     on side, evenly spread
     12 guns in hull casemates - Limited use in all but light seas
   Weight of broadside 3 280 lbs / 1 488 kg
   Shells per gun, main battery: 100
   4 - 15,7" / 400 mm submerged torpedo tubes

Armour:
  - Belts:      Width (max)   Length (avg)      Height (avg)
   Main:   7,28" / 185 mm   308,40 ft / 94,00 m   13,12 ft / 4,00 m
   Ends:   3,35" / 85 mm   101,71 ft / 31,00 m   9,84 ft / 3,00 m
   Upper:   3,35" / 85 mm   262,47 ft / 80,00 m   8,20 ft / 2,50 m
     Main Belt covers 116 % of normal length

  - Gun armour:   Face (max)   Other gunhouse (avg)   Barbette/hoist (max)
   Main:   7,68" / 195 mm   3,94" / 100 mm      4,72" / 120 mm
   2nd:   7,68" / 195 mm   3,94" / 100 mm      4,72" / 120 mm
   3rd:   3,35" / 85 mm         -               -

  - Armour deck: 1,97" / 50 mm, Conning tower: 3,94" / 100 mm

Machinery:
   Coal fired boilers, complex reciprocating steam engines,
   Direct drive, 2 shafts, 20 000 ihp / 14 920 Kw = 20,06 kts
   Range 5 500nm at 12,00 kts
   Bunker at max displacement = 2 635 tons (100% coal)

Complement:
   617 - 803

Cost:
   £1,234 million / $4,937 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
   Armament: 432 tons, 3,3 %
   Armour: 3 279 tons, 24,7 %
      - Belts: 1 705 tons, 12,9 %
      - Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0,0 %
      - Armament: 740 tons, 5,6 %
      - Armour Deck: 787 tons, 5,9 %
      - Conning Tower: 48 tons, 0,4 %
   Machinery: 3 390 tons, 25,6 %
   Hull, fittings & equipment: 3 932 tons, 29,6 %
   Fuel, ammunition & stores: 1 930 tons, 14,5 %
   Miscellaneous weights: 300 tons, 2,3 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
   Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
     9 095 lbs / 4 126 Kg = 32,2 x 8,3 " / 210 mm shells or 1,4 torpedoes
   Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1,26
   Metacentric height 4,7 ft / 1,4 m
   Roll period: 14,1 seconds
   Steadiness   - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 61 %
         - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0,25
   Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1,23

Hull form characteristics:
   Hull has raised forecastle
   Block coefficient: 0,597
   Length to Beam Ratio: 5,68 : 1
   'Natural speed' for length: 20,25 kts
   Power going to wave formation at top speed: 53 %
   Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
   Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): -15,00 degrees
   Stern overhang: 0,00 ft / 0,00 m
   Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
      - Stem:      21,33 ft / 6,50 m
      - Forecastle (20 %):   21,33 ft / 6,50 m (13,12 ft / 4,00 m aft of break)
      - Mid (50 %):      13,12 ft / 4,00 m
      - Quarterdeck (15 %):   13,12 ft / 4,00 m
      - Stern:      13,12 ft / 4,00 m
      - Average freeboard:   14,76 ft / 4,50 m
   Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
   Space   - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 114,8 %
      - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 87,5 %
   Waterplane Area: 21 599 Square feet or 2 007 Square metres
   Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 96 %
   Structure weight / hull surface area: 126 lbs/sq ft or 617 Kg/sq metre
   Hull strength (Relative):
      - Cross-sectional: 1,01
      - Longitudinal: 1,98
      - Overall: 1,08
   Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
   Room for accommodation and workspaces is cramped
   Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily

[Korpen]

de Zevern Provincien Netherlands Armoured Frigate  laid down 1898
Scrapped in 1910 due to war damage.


Displacement:
   14 557 t light; 15 133 t standard; 16 885 t normal; 18 287 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
   442,91 ft / 442,91 ft x 78,74 ft x 27,89 ft (normal load)
   135,00 m / 135,00 m x 24,00 m  x 8,50 m

Armament:
      4 - 9,45" / 240 mm guns (2x2 guns), 418,88lbs / 190,00kg shells, 1898 Model
     Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
     on centreline ends, evenly spread
      4 - 9,45" / 240 mm guns in single mounts, 418,88lbs / 190,00kg shells, 1898 Model
     Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
     on side, all amidships
      12 - 4,72" / 120 mm guns in single mounts, 52,72lbs / 23,91kg shells, 1898 Model
     Quick firing guns in casemate mounts
     on side, evenly spread
     12 guns in hull casemates - Limited use in heavy seas
   Weight of broadside 3 984 lbs / 1 807 kg
   Shells per gun, main battery: 100
   4 - 15,7" / 400 mm submerged torpedo tubes

Armour:
   - Belts:      Width (max)   Length (avg)      Height (avg)
   Main:   8,27" / 210 mm   360,89 ft / 110,00 m   13,12 ft / 4,00 m
   Ends:   4,13" / 105 mm     82,02 ft / 25,00 m   9,84 ft / 3,00 m
   Upper:   4,13" / 105 mm   360,89 ft / 110,00 m   8,20 ft / 2,50 m
     Main Belt covers 125 % of normal length

   - Gun armour:   Face (max)   Other gunhouse (avg)   Barbette/hoist (max)
   Main:   8,27" / 210 mm   3,94" / 100 mm      5,91" / 150 mm
   2nd:   8,27" / 210 mm   3,94" / 100 mm      5,91" / 150 mm
   3rd:   4,13" / 105 mm         -               -

   - Armour deck: 1,97" / 50 mm, Conning tower: 3,94" / 100 mm

Machinery:
   Coal fired boilers, complex reciprocating steam engines,
   Direct drive, 2 shafts, 28 000 ihp / 20 888 Kw = 21,15 kts
   Range 6 000nm at 12,00 kts
   Bunker at max displacement = 3 153 tons (100% coal)

Complement:
   739 - 962

Cost:
   £1,562 million / $6,250 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
   Armament: 501 tons, 3,0 %
   Armour: 4 125 tons, 24,4 %
      - Belts: 2 277 tons, 13,5 %
      - Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0,0 %
      - Armament: 856 tons, 5,1 %
      - Armour Deck: 936 tons, 5,5 %
      - Conning Tower: 56 tons, 0,3 %
   Machinery: 4 516 tons, 26,7 %
   Hull, fittings & equipment: 5 115 tons, 30,3 %
   Fuel, ammunition & stores: 2 328 tons, 13,8 %
   Miscellaneous weights: 300 tons, 1,8 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
   Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
     13 078 lbs / 5 932 Kg = 31,0 x 9,4 " / 240 mm shells or 1,6 torpedoes
   Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1,35
   Metacentric height 5,9 ft / 1,8 m
   Roll period: 13,6 seconds
   Steadiness   - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 60 %
         - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0,25
   Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1,32

Hull form characteristics:
   Hull has rise forward of midbreak
   Block coefficient: 0,608
   Length to Beam Ratio: 5,63 : 1
   'Natural speed' for length: 21,05 kts
   Power going to wave formation at top speed: 54 %
   Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 45
   Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 0,00 degrees
   Stern overhang: 0,00 ft / 0,00 m
   Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
      - Stem:      22,97 ft / 7,00 m
      - Forecastle (20 %):   19,69 ft / 6,00 m
      - Mid (70 %):      19,69 ft / 6,00 m (11,48 ft / 3,50 m aft of break)
      - Quarterdeck (15 %):   11,48 ft / 3,50 m
      - Stern:      11,48 ft / 3,50 m
      - Average freeboard:   17,49 ft / 5,33 m
   Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
   Space   - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 115,2 %
      - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 117,8 %
   Waterplane Area: 25 690 Square feet or 2 387 Square metres
   Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 97 %
   Structure weight / hull surface area: 137 lbs/sq ft or 671 Kg/sq metre
   Hull strength (Relative):
      - Cross-sectional: 1,02
      - Longitudinal: 2,26
      - Overall: 1,10
   Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
   Room for accommodation and workspaces is adequate
   Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily

[Korpen]

Flandres, Netherlands Armoured Frigate  laid down 1900 (Engine & refitted 1905)

Displacement:
   12 950 t light; 13 619 t standard; 15 500 t normal; 17 005 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
   479,00 ft / 479,00 ft x 72,18 ft x 27,89 ft (normal load)
   146,00 m / 146,00 m x 22,00 m  x 8,50 m

Armament:
      6 - 9,45" / 240 mm guns (3x2 guns), 418,88lbs / 190,00kg shells, 1900 Model
     Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
     on centreline, evenly spread, 2 raised mounts
     Aft Main mounts separated by engine room
      6 - 9,45" / 240 mm guns in single mounts, 418,88lbs / 190,00kg shells, 1900 Model
     Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
     on side, all amidships
      16 - 4,72" / 120 mm guns in single mounts, 52,91lbs / 24,00kg shells, 1900 Model
     Quick firing guns in casemate mounts
     on side, evenly spread
     8 guns in hull casemates - Limited use in all but light seas
      6 - 3,46" / 88,0 mm guns in single mounts, 19,84lbs / 9,00kg shells, 1900 Model
     Quick firing guns in deck mounts
     on side, evenly spread
   Weight of broadside 5 992 lbs / 2 718 kg
   Shells per gun, main battery: 100

Armour:
   - Belts:      Width (max)   Length (avg)      Height (avg)
   Main:   8,27" / 210 mm   314,96 ft / 96,00 m   13,12 ft / 4,00 m
   Ends:   5,91" / 150 mm   164,04 ft / 50,00 m   9,84 ft / 3,00 m
   Upper:   5,91" / 150 mm   298,56 ft / 91,00 m   8,20 ft / 2,50 m
     Main Belt covers 101 % of normal length

   - Gun armour:   Face (max)   Other gunhouse (avg)   Barbette/hoist (max)
   Main:   8,27" / 210 mm   4,33" / 110 mm      6,69" / 170 mm
   2nd:   8,27" / 210 mm   4,33" / 110 mm      6,69" / 170 mm
   3rd:   5,91" / 150 mm         -               -
   4th:   0,79" / 20 mm         -               -

   - Armour deck: 2,34" / 60 mm, Conning tower: 7,87" / 200 mm

Machinery:
   Coal fired boilers, steam turbines,
   Direct drive, 4 shafts, 20 079 shp / 14 979 Kw = 20,00 kts
   Range 6 200nm at 12,00 kts
   Bunker at max displacement = 3 386 tons (100% coal)

Complement:
   693 - 902

Cost:
   £1,321 million / $5,283 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
   Armament: 754 tons, 4,9 %
   Armour: 5 012 tons, 32,3 %
      - Belts: 2 469 tons, 15,9 %
      - Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0,0 %
      - Armament: 1 379 tons, 8,9 %
      - Armour Deck: 1 058 tons, 6,8 %
      - Conning Tower: 105 tons, 0,7 %
   Machinery: 1 673 tons, 10,8 %
   Hull, fittings & equipment: 5 210 tons, 33,6 %
   Fuel, ammunition & stores: 2 550 tons, 16,5 %
   Miscellaneous weights: 300 tons, 1,9 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
   Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
     17 659 lbs / 8 010 Kg = 41,9 x 9,4 " / 240 mm shells or 2,5 torpedoes
   Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1,09
   Metacentric height 3,6 ft / 1,1 m
   Roll period: 15,9 seconds
   Steadiness   - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 62 %
         - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0,54
   Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1,37

Hull form characteristics:
   Hull has a flush deck
   Block coefficient: 0,563
   Length to Beam Ratio: 6,64 : 1
   'Natural speed' for length: 21,89 kts
   Power going to wave formation at top speed: 45 %
   Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 45
   Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 0,00 degrees
   Stern overhang: 0,00 ft / 0,00 m
   Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
      - Stem:      21,33 ft / 6,50 m
      - Forecastle (20 %):   21,33 ft / 6,50 m
      - Mid (30 %):      13,12 ft / 4,00 m
      - Quarterdeck (18 %):   13,12 ft / 4,00 m
      - Stern:      13,12 ft / 4,00 m
      - Average freeboard:   15,17 ft / 4,63 m
   Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
   Space   - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 74,2 %
      - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 92,5 %
   Waterplane Area: 24 417 Square feet or 2 268 Square metres
   Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 106 %
   Structure weight / hull surface area: 144 lbs/sq ft or 702 Kg/sq metre
   Hull strength (Relative):
      - Cross-sectional: 1,04
      - Longitudinal: 1,82
      - Overall: 1,10
   Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
   Room for accommodation and workspaces is adequate
   Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily

Post 1908-1909 Rebuild:

Flandern, Netherlands Armoured Frigate laid down 1900 (Engine 1909)

Displacement:
   12 950 t light; 13 619 t standard; 15 500 t normal; 17 005 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
   492,13 ft / 479,00 ft x 72,18 ft x 27,89 ft (normal load)
   150,00 m / 146,00 m x 22,00 m  x 8,50 m

Armament:
      6 - 9,45" / 240 mm guns (3x2 guns), 418,88lbs / 190,00kg shells, 1900 Model
     Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
     on centreline, evenly spread, 2 raised mounts
     Aft Main mounts separated by engine room
      6 - 9,45" / 240 mm guns in single mounts, 418,88lbs / 190,00kg shells, 1900 Model
     Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
     on side, all amidships
      16 - 4,72" / 120 mm guns in single mounts, 52,91lbs / 24,00kg shells, 1900 Model
     Breech loading guns in casemate mounts
     on side, evenly spread
     8 guns in hull casemates - Limited use in all but light seas
      6 - 3,46" / 88,0 mm guns in single mounts, 19,84lbs / 9,00kg shells, 1900 Model
     Breech loading guns in deck mounts
     on side, evenly spread, all raised mounts
   Weight of broadside 5 992 lbs / 2 718 kg
   Shells per gun, main battery: 100

Armour:
   - Belts:      Width (max)   Length (avg)      Height (avg)
   Main:   8,27" / 210 mm   314,96 ft / 96,00 m   13,12 ft / 4,00 m
   Ends:   5,91" / 150 mm   164,04 ft / 50,00 m   9,84 ft / 3,00 m
   Upper:   5,91" / 150 mm   298,56 ft / 91,00 m   8,20 ft / 2,50 m
     Main Belt covers 101 % of normal length

   - Gun armour:   Face (max)   Other gunhouse (avg)   Barbette/hoist (max)
   Main:   8,27" / 210 mm   4,33" / 110 mm      6,69" / 170 mm
   2nd:   8,27" / 210 mm   4,33" / 110 mm      6,69" / 170 mm
   3rd:   5,91" / 150 mm         -               -
   4th:   0,79" / 20 mm         -               -

   - Armour deck: 2,34" / 60 mm, Conning tower: 7,87" / 200 mm

Machinery:
   Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
   Direct drive, 4 shafts, 36 802 shp / 27 455 Kw = 23,36 kts
   Range 10 995nm at 12,00 kts
   Bunker at max displacement = 3 386 tons

Complement:
   693 - 902

Cost:
   £1,321 million / $5,282 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
   Armament: 754 tons, 4,9 %
   Armour: 5 013 tons, 32,3 %
      - Belts: 2 469 tons, 15,9 %
      - Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0,0 %
      - Armament: 1 380 tons, 8,9 %
      - Armour Deck: 1 058 tons, 6,8 %
      - Conning Tower: 105 tons, 0,7 %
   Machinery: 1 673 tons, 10,8 %
   Hull, fittings & equipment: 5 210 tons, 33,6 %
   Fuel, ammunition & stores: 2 550 tons, 16,5 %
   Miscellaneous weights: 300 tons, 1,9 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
   Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
     17 311 lbs / 7 852 Kg = 41,0 x 9,4 " / 240 mm shells or 2,5 torpedoes
   Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1,05
   Metacentric height 3,4 ft / 1,0 m
   Roll period: 16,6 seconds
   Steadiness   - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 50 %
         - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0,52
   Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 0,98

Hull form characteristics:
   Hull has a flush deck
   Block coefficient: 0,563
   Length to Beam Ratio: 6,64 : 1
   'Natural speed' for length: 21,89 kts
   Power going to wave formation at top speed: 54 %
   Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 51
   Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 0,00 degrees
   Stern overhang: 13,12 ft / 4,00 m
   Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
      - Stem:      21,33 ft / 6,50 m
      - Forecastle (20 %):   21,33 ft / 6,50 m
      - Mid (30 %):      13,12 ft / 4,00 m
      - Quarterdeck (18 %):   13,12 ft / 4,00 m
      - Stern:      13,12 ft / 4,00 m
      - Average freeboard:   15,17 ft / 4,63 m
   Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
   Space   - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 74,2 %
      - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 92,5 %
   Waterplane Area: 24 417 Square feet or 2 268 Square metres
   Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 106 %
   Structure weight / hull surface area: 144 lbs/sq ft or 703 Kg/sq metre
   Hull strength (Relative):
      - Cross-sectional: 1,03
      - Longitudinal: 1,82
      - Overall: 1,09
   Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
   Room for accommodation and workspaces is adequate
   Poor seaboat, wet and uncomfortable, reduced performance in heavy weather

[Korpen]

Hr.Ms. Willem van der Zaan, The Netherlands Armoured frigate laid down 1904 (Engine 1905)

van Amstel  
Willem van der Zaan - Sunk 17 Jan 1908
Hang Tuah

Displacement:
   8 600 t light; 9 050 t standard; 10 434 t normal; 11 541 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
   406,82 ft / 406,82 ft x 59,06 ft x 24,93 ft (normal load)
   124,00 m / 124,00 m x 18,00 m  x 7,60 m

Armament:
     4 - 9,45" / 240 mm guns (2x2 guns), 418,88lbs / 190,00kg shells, 1904 Model
     Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
     on centreline ends, evenly spread
     4 - 9,45" / 240 mm guns in single mounts, 418,88lbs / 190,00kg shells, 1904 Model
     Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
     on side ends, evenly spread
     10 - 5,91" / 150 mm guns in single mounts, 99,21lbs / 45,00kg shells, 1904 Model
     Breech loading guns in casemate mounts
     on side, evenly spread
     4 guns in hull casemates - Limited use in all but light seas
     6 - 3,46" / 88,0 mm guns in single mounts, 19,84lbs / 9,00kg shells, 1904 Model
     Quick firing guns in deck mounts
     on side, evenly spread, all raised mounts
   Weight of broadside 4 462 lbs / 2 024 kg
   Shells per gun, main battery: 90
   2 - 17,7" / 450 mm submerged torpedo tubes

Armour:
  - Belts:      Width (max)   Length (avg)      Height (avg)
   Main:   7,68" / 195 mm   260,83 ft / 79,50 m   9,84 ft / 3,00 m
   Ends:   3,07" / 78 mm   144,36 ft / 44,00 m   8,20 ft / 2,50 m
     1,64 ft / 0,50 m Unarmoured ends
   Upper:   4,13" / 105 mm   260,83 ft / 79,50 m   8,01 ft / 2,44 m
     Main Belt covers 99 % of normal length

  - Gun armour:   Face (max)   Other gunhouse (avg)   Barbette/hoist (max)
   Main:   8,27" / 210 mm   4,13" / 105 mm      6,18" / 157 mm
   2nd:   8,27" / 210 mm   4,13" / 105 mm      6,18" / 157 mm
   3rd:   4,13" / 105 mm         -               -

  - Armour deck: 2,05" / 52 mm, Conning tower: 6,18" / 157 mm

Machinery:
   Coal and oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
   Direct drive, 4 shafts, 20 000 shp / 14 920 Kw = 20,92 kts
   Range 6 000nm at 12,00 kts
   Bunker at max displacement = 2 491 tons (90% coal)

Complement:
   516 - 671

Cost:
   £1,008 million / $4,030 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
   Armament: 566 tons, 5,4 %
   Armour: 2 977 tons, 28,5 %
      - Belts: 1 369 tons, 13,1 %
      - Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0,0 %
      - Armament: 873 tons, 8,4 %
      - Armour Deck: 672 tons, 6,4 %
      - Conning Tower: 64 tons, 0,6 %
   Machinery: 1 650 tons, 15,8 %
   Hull, fittings & equipment: 3 106 tons, 29,8 %
   Fuel, ammunition & stores: 1 834 tons, 17,6 %
   Miscellaneous weights: 300 tons, 2,9 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
   Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
     9 043 lbs / 4 102 Kg = 21,4 x 9,4 " / 240 mm shells or 1,4 torpedoes
   Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1,08
   Metacentric height 2,6 ft / 0,8 m
   Roll period: 15,3 seconds
   Steadiness   - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 53 %
         - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0,70
   Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1,08

Hull form characteristics:
   Hull has rise forward of midbreak
   Block coefficient: 0,610
   Length to Beam Ratio: 6,89 : 1
   'Natural speed' for length: 20,17 kts
   Power going to wave formation at top speed: 53 %
   Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 49
   Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 0,00 degrees
   Stern overhang: 0,00 ft / 0,00 m
   Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
      - Stem:      19,69 ft / 6,00 m
      - Forecastle (15 %):   19,69 ft / 6,00 m
      - Mid (30 %):      19,69 ft / 6,00 m (11,48 ft / 3,50 m aft of break)
      - Quarterdeck (15 %):   11,48 ft / 3,50 m
      - Stern:      11,48 ft / 3,50 m
      - Average freeboard:   13,94 ft / 4,25 m
   Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
   Space   - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 98,0 %
      - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 86,7 %
   Waterplane Area: 17 730 Square feet or 1 647 Square metres
   Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 94 %
   Structure weight / hull surface area: 114 lbs/sq ft or 557 Kg/sq metre
   Hull strength (Relative):
      - Cross-sectional: 0,93
      - Longitudinal: 1,85
      - Overall: 1,00
   Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate
   Room for accommodation and workspaces is cramped

[Korpen]

Willem Janszson-class BC

2 ships in class
Willem Janszson & Johan Evertsen, Netherlands Armoured frigate laid down 1909

Displacement:
   15 300 t light; 16 350 t standard; 18 085 t normal; 19 473 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
   592,33 ft / 578,74 ft x 77,26 ft x 27,23 ft (normal load)
   180,54 m / 176,40 m x 23,55 m  x 8,30 m

Armament:
      8 - 12,01" / 305 mm guns (4x2 guns), 903,90lbs / 410,00kg shells, 1909 Model
     Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
     on centreline, evenly spread, 1 raised mount
     Aft Main mounts separated by engine room
      16 - 4,72" / 120 mm guns in single mounts, 52,91lbs / 24,00kg shells, 1909 Model
     Quick firing guns in casemate mounts
     on side, all amidships, 4 raised mounts - superfiring
      2 - 0,59" / 15,0 mm guns in single mounts, 0,10lbs / 0,05kg shells, 1909 Model
     Machine guns in casemate mounts
     on centreline, all aft
     2 guns in hull casemates - Limited use in all but light seas
      1 - 1,97" / 50,0 mm guns in single mounts, 3,81lbs / 1,73kg shells, 1909 Model
     Quick firing gun in casemate mount
     on centreline aft
     1 gun in hull casemate - Limited use in all but light seas
   Weight of broadside 8 082 lbs / 3 666 kg
   Shells per gun, main battery: 150

Armour:
   - Belts:      Width (max)   Length (avg)      Height (avg)
   Main:   9,92" / 252 mm   331,36 ft / 101,00 m   12,30 ft / 3,75 m
   Ends:   2,95" / 75 mm   247,38 ft / 75,40 m   9,84 ft / 3,00 m
   Upper:   5,12" / 130 mm   331,36 ft / 101,00 m   6,56 ft / 2,00 m
     Main Belt covers 88 % of normal length

   - Gun armour:   Face (max)   Other gunhouse (avg)   Barbette/hoist (max)
   Main:   9,84" / 250 mm   4,92" / 125 mm      8,27" / 210 mm
   2nd:   1,77" / 45 mm         -               -

   - Armour deck: 2,01" / 51 mm, Conning tower: 9,45" / 240 mm

Machinery:
   Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
   Direct drive, 4 shafts, 48 008 shp / 35 814 Kw = 25,00 kts
   Range 9 000nm at 12,00 kts
   Bunker at max displacement = 3 123 tons

Complement:
   779 - 1 013

Cost:
   £1,657 million / $6,629 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
   Armament: 972 tons, 5,4 %
   Armour: 5 106 tons, 28,2 %
      - Belts: 2 532 tons, 14,0 %
      - Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0,0 %
      - Armament: 1 307 tons, 7,2 %
      - Armour Deck: 1 127 tons, 6,2 %
      - Conning Tower: 140 tons, 0,8 %
   Machinery: 2 182 tons, 12,1 %
   Hull, fittings & equipment: 6 720 tons, 37,2 %
   Fuel, ammunition & stores: 2 785 tons, 15,4 %
   Miscellaneous weights: 320 tons, 1,8 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
   Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
     20 422 lbs / 9 263 Kg = 23,6 x 12,0 " / 305 mm shells or 2,5 torpedoes
   Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1,10
   Metacentric height 4,1 ft / 1,2 m
   Roll period: 16,0 seconds
   Steadiness   - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 57 %
         - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0,68
   Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1,21

Hull form characteristics:
   Hull has raised forecastle, rise forward of midbreak
   Block coefficient: 0,520
   Length to Beam Ratio: 7,49 : 1
   'Natural speed' for length: 24,06 kts
   Power going to wave formation at top speed: 49 %
   Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 47
   Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 15,00 degrees
   Stern overhang: 6,56 ft / 2,00 m
   Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
      - Stem:      26,25 ft / 8,00 m
      - Forecastle (20 %):   21,33 ft / 6,50 m (20,34 ft / 6,20 m aft of break)
      - Mid (60 %):      16,73 ft / 5,10 m (13,45 ft / 4,10 m aft of break)
      - Quarterdeck (15 %):   13,45 ft / 4,10 m
      - Stern:      13,45 ft / 4,10 m
      - Average freeboard:   17,45 ft / 5,32 m
   Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
   Space   - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 83,2 %
      - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 123,0 %
   Waterplane Area: 30 341 Square feet or 2 819 Square metres
   Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 103 %
   Structure weight / hull surface area: 150 lbs/sq ft or 731 Kg/sq metre
   Hull strength (Relative):
      - Cross-sectional: 0,95
      - Longitudinal: 1,49
      - Overall: 1,00
   Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
   Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
   Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily

1 430nm at top speed
2 340nm at 21kts
3 500nm at 18kts
5 410nm at 15kts

[Korpen]

Inbhir Nis, Netherlands Armoured frigate laid down 1910 (Engine 1909)

Displacement:
   15 300 t light; 16 418 t standard; 18 090 t normal; 19 428 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
   591,90 ft / 578,74 ft x 77,26 ft x 27,23 ft (normal load)
   180,41 m / 176,40 m x 23,55 m  x 8,30 m

Armament:
      6 - 13,78" / 350 mm guns (3x2 guns), 1 322,77lbs / 600,00kg shells, 1910 Model
     Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
     on centreline ends, majority forward, 1 raised mount - superfiring
      16 - 4,72" / 120 mm guns in single mounts, 52,91lbs / 24,00kg shells, 1910 Model
     Quick firing guns in casemate mounts
     on side, all amidships
      4 - 3,46" / 88,0 mm guns in single mounts, 19,84lbs / 9,00kg shells, 1910 Model
     Quick firing guns in deck mounts
     on side, evenly spread
   Weight of broadside 8 863 lbs / 4 020 kg
   Shells per gun, main battery: 150

Armour:
   - Belts:      Width (max)   Length (avg)      Height (avg)
   Main:   8,27" / 210 mm   331,69 ft / 101,10 m   13,12 ft / 4,00 m
   Ends:   1,97" / 50 mm   247,05 ft / 75,30 m   9,84 ft / 3,00 m
   Upper:   3,94" / 100 mm   331,36 ft / 101,00 m   9,84 ft / 3,00 m
     Main Belt covers 88 % of normal length

   - Gun armour:   Face (max)   Other gunhouse (avg)   Barbette/hoist (max)
   Main:   8,66" / 220 mm   4,72" / 120 mm      8,07" / 205 mm
   2nd:   1,89" / 48 mm         -               -
   3rd:   0,20" / 5 mm         -               -

   - Armour deck: 2,03" / 52 mm, Conning tower: 5,91" / 150 mm

Machinery:
   Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
   Direct drive, 4 shafts, 48 019 shp / 35 822 Kw = 25,00 kts
   Range 8 656nm at 12,00 kts
   Bunker at max displacement = 3 010 tons

Complement:
   779 - 1 013

Cost:
   £1,763 million / $7,050 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
   Armament: 1 097 tons, 6,1 %
   Armour: 4 684 tons, 25,9 %
      - Belts: 2 322 tons, 12,8 %
      - Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0,0 %
      - Armament: 1 136 tons, 6,3 %
      - Armour Deck: 1 138 tons, 6,3 %
      - Conning Tower: 88 tons, 0,5 %
   Machinery: 2 183 tons, 12,1 %
   Hull, fittings & equipment: 7 037 tons, 38,9 %
   Fuel, ammunition & stores: 2 790 tons, 15,4 %
   Miscellaneous weights: 300 tons, 1,7 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
   Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
     19 112 lbs / 8 669 Kg = 14,6 x 13,8 " / 350 mm shells or 2,3 torpedoes
   Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1,09
   Metacentric height 4,0 ft / 1,2 m
   Roll period: 16,2 seconds
   Steadiness   - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 58 %
         - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0,77
   Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1,19

Hull form characteristics:
   Hull has raised forecastle
   Block coefficient: 0,520
   Length to Beam Ratio: 7,49 : 1
   'Natural speed' for length: 24,06 kts
   Power going to wave formation at top speed: 49 %
   Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 49
   Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 15,00 degrees
   Stern overhang: 6,56 ft / 2,00 m
   Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
      - Stem:      24,61 ft / 7,50 m
      - Forecastle (20 %):   17,06 ft / 5,20 m (16,73 ft / 5,10 m aft of break)
      - Mid (40 %):      16,40 ft / 5,00 m
      - Quarterdeck (15 %):   16,40 ft / 5,00 m
      - Stern:      16,40 ft / 5,00 m
      - Average freeboard:   17,17 ft / 5,23 m
   Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
   Space   - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 88,1 %
      - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 122,1 %
   Waterplane Area: 30 345 Square feet or 2 819 Square metres
   Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 100 %
   Structure weight / hull surface area: 157 lbs/sq ft or 768 Kg/sq metre
   Hull strength (Relative):
      - Cross-sectional: 0,95
      - Longitudinal: 1,54
      - Overall: 1,00
   Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate
   Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent

[Korpen]

Type 1048, Three ships

Wilhelmina der Nederlanden, Netherlands Armoured frigate laid down 1912
Holland Tromp
Na h-Eileanan Siar (Western Isles)

Displacement:
   25 150 t light; 26 944 t standard; 28 890 t normal; 30 447 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
   721,78 ft / 721,78 ft x 85,30 ft (Bulges 91,86 ft) x 29,53 ft (normal load)
   220,00 m / 220,00 m x 26,00 m (Bulges 28,00 m)  x 9,00 m

Armament:
      8 - 14,96" / 380 mm guns (4x2 guns), 1 807,79lbs / 820,00kg shells, 1912 Model
     Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
     on centreline ends, evenly spread, 1 raised mount - superfiring
      14 - 4,72" / 120 mm guns in single mounts, 52,91lbs / 24,00kg shells, 1912 Model
     Quick firing guns in casemate mounts
     on side, all amidships
      6 - 3,46" / 88,0 mm guns in single mounts, 19,84lbs / 9,00kg shells, 1912 Model
     Quick firing guns in deck mounts
     on side, evenly spread, 4 raised mounts
      2 - 4,72" / 120 mm guns in single mounts, 52,91lbs / 24,00kg shells, 1912 Model
     Quick firing guns in deck mounts with hoists
     on side, evenly spread
   Weight of broadside 15 428 lbs / 6 998 kg
   Shells per gun, main battery: 140
   4 - 17,7" / 450 mm above water torpedoes

Armour:
   - Belts:      Width (max)   Length (avg)      Height (avg)
   Main:   9,84" / 250 mm   524,93 ft / 160,00 m   13,12 ft / 4,00 m
   Ends:   1,97" / 50 mm   196,85 ft / 60,00 m   9,84 ft / 3,00 m
   Upper:   9,84" / 250 mm   524,93 ft / 160,00 m   3,28 ft / 1,00 m
     Main Belt covers 112 % of normal length

   - Torpedo Bulkhead and Bulges:
      1,38" / 35 mm   524,93 ft / 160,00 m   27,89 ft / 8,50 m

   - Gun armour:   Face (max)   Other gunhouse (avg)   Barbette/hoist (max)
   Main:   9,84" / 250 mm   5,00" / 127 mm      8,66" / 220 mm
   2nd:   1,38" / 35 mm         -               -
   3rd:   0,39" / 10 mm         -               -
   4th:   0,98" / 25 mm         -         0,98" / 25 mm

   - Armour deck: 2,95" / 75 mm, Conning tower: 9,84" / 250 mm

Machinery:
   Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
   Direct drive, 4 shafts, 80 011 shp / 59 689 Kw = 27,00 kts
   Range 8 430nm at 12,00 kts
   Bunker at max displacement = 3 503 tons

Complement:
   1 107 - 1 440

Cost:
   £2,835 million / $11,340 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
   Armament: 1 795 tons, 6,2 %
   Armour: 8 582 tons, 29,7 %
      - Belts: 3 656 tons, 12,7 %
      - Torpedo bulkhead: 746 tons, 2,6 %
      - Armament: 1 705 tons, 5,9 %
      - Armour Deck: 2 275 tons, 7,9 %
      - Conning Tower: 200 tons, 0,7 %
   Machinery: 3 190 tons, 11,0 %
   Hull, fittings & equipment: 11 232 tons, 38,9 %
   Fuel, ammunition & stores: 3 740 tons, 12,9 %
   Miscellaneous weights: 350 tons, 1,2 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
   Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
     30 703 lbs / 13 927 Kg = 18,3 x 15,0 " / 380 mm shells or 4,6 torpedoes
   Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1,19
   Metacentric height 5,4 ft / 1,6 m
   Roll period: 16,6 seconds
   Steadiness   - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 50 %
         - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0,59
   Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1,09

Hull form characteristics:
   Hull has raised forecastle
   Block coefficient: 0,516
   Length to Beam Ratio: 7,86 : 1
   'Natural speed' for length: 26,87 kts
   Power going to wave formation at top speed: 46 %
   Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 46
   Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 0,00 degrees
   Stern overhang: 0,00 ft / 0,00 m
   Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
      - Stem:      21,33 ft / 6,50 m
      - Forecastle (20 %):   17,39 ft / 5,30 m (16,40 ft / 5,00 m aft of break)
      - Mid (50 %):      16,40 ft / 5,00 m
      - Quarterdeck (15 %):   16,40 ft / 5,00 m
      - Stern:      16,40 ft / 5,00 m
      - Average freeboard:   16,92 ft / 5,16 m
   Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
   Space   - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 111,6 %
      - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 113,8 %
   Waterplane Area: 41 646 Square feet or 3 869 Square metres
   Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 97 %
   Structure weight / hull surface area: 184 lbs/sq ft or 900 Kg/sq metre
   Hull strength (Relative):
      - Cross-sectional: 0,99
      - Longitudinal: 1,04
      - Overall: 1,00
   Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped
   Room for accommodation and workspaces is adequate

Armour inclined 10 degrees.

[Korpen]

de Ruyter Laid down 2/1915
Singapore Laid down 2/1915

de Ruyter, Netherlands Frigate laid down 1916

Displacement:
   31 000 t light; 33 191 t standard; 35 706 t normal; 37 718 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
   721,78 ft / 721,78 ft x 88,58 ft (Bulges 98,10 ft) x 31,43 ft (normal load)
   220,00 m / 220,00 m x 27,00 m (Bulges 29,90 m)  x 9,58 m

Armament:
      8 - 14,96" / 380 mm guns (4x2 guns), 1 951,09lbs / 885,00kg shells, 1916 Model
     Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
     on centreline ends, evenly spread, 2 raised mounts - superfiring
      20 - 4,72" / 120 mm guns (10x2 guns), 61,73lbs / 28,00kg shells, 1916 Model
     Quick firing guns in deck mounts with hoists
     on side, all amidships, 4 raised mounts - superfiring
      6 - 3,46" / 88,0 mm guns in single mounts, 19,84lbs / 9,00kg shells, 1916 Model
     Anti-aircraft guns in deck mounts
     on side, evenly spread, all raised mounts
      8 - 0,59" / 15,0 mm guns in single mounts, 0,10lbs / 0,05kg shells, 1916 Model
     Machine guns in deck mounts
     on side, evenly spread, all raised mounts
   Weight of broadside 16 963 lbs / 7 694 kg
   Shells per gun, main battery: 154
   4 - 17,7" / 450 mm above water torpedoes

Armour:
   - Belts:      Width (max)   Length (avg)      Height (avg)
   Main:   11,0" / 280 mm   505,91 ft / 154,20 m   16,40 ft / 5,00 m
   Ends:   2,36" / 60 mm   215,88 ft / 65,80 m   9,84 ft / 3,00 m
     Main Belt covers 108 % of normal length

   - Torpedo Bulkhead and Bulges:
      1,38" / 35 mm   505,91 ft / 154,20 m   27,89 ft / 8,50 m

   - Gun armour:   Face (max)   Other gunhouse (avg)   Barbette/hoist (max)
   Main:   12,0" / 305 mm   5,00" / 127 mm      11,0" / 280 mm
   2nd:   2,76" / 70 mm   0,59" / 15 mm      2,76" / 70 mm
   3rd:   1,18" / 30 mm         -               -

   - Armour deck: 3,94" / 100 mm, Conning tower: 12,99" / 330 mm

Machinery:
   Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
   Direct drive, 4 shafts, 123 500 shp / 92 131 Kw = 29,00 kts
   Range 11 470nm at 12,00 kts
   Bunker at max displacement = 4 527 tons

Complement:
   1 298 - 1 688

Cost:
   £5,334 million / $21,335 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
   Armament: 1 822 tons, 5,1 %
   Armour: 10 788 tons, 30,2 %
      - Belts: 4 026 tons, 11,3 %
      - Torpedo bulkhead: 719 tons, 2,0 %
      - Armament: 2 454 tons, 6,9 %
      - Armour Deck: 3 285 tons, 9,2 %
      - Conning Tower: 304 tons, 0,9 %
   Machinery: 4 601 tons, 12,9 %
   Hull, fittings & equipment: 13 428 tons, 37,6 %
   Fuel, ammunition & stores: 4 706 tons, 13,2 %
   Miscellaneous weights: 361 tons, 1,0 %
      -  250 ton 1912 FC
      -  25 ton Anti-collision device (radar)
      -  64 ton Two radio sets and telewarfare equipment
      -  16 ton Torpedos (two per tube)
      -  6 ton customisation for extra elevation, sight setting equipment and FC interface for mounts dedicated to starshells.

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
   Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
     37 992 lbs / 17 233 Kg = 22,7 x 15,0 " / 380 mm shells or 5,4 torpedoes
   Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1,10
   Metacentric height 5,0 ft / 1,5 m
   Roll period: 18,4 seconds
   Steadiness   - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 52 %
         - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0,70
   Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1,02

Hull form characteristics:
   Hull has raised forecastle
   Block coefficient: 0,562
   Length to Beam Ratio: 7,36 : 1
   'Natural speed' for length: 26,87 kts
   Power going to wave formation at top speed: 53 %
   Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 51
   Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 0,00 degrees
   Stern overhang: 0,00 ft / 0,00 m
   Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
      - Stem:      29,53 ft / 9,00 m
      - Forecastle (20 %):   24,61 ft / 7,50 m (23,79 ft / 7,25 m aft of break)
      - Mid (45 %):      19,69 ft / 6,00 m
      - Quarterdeck (13 %):   16,40 ft / 5,00 m
      - Stern:      21,33 ft / 6,50 m
      - Average freeboard:   20,78 ft / 6,33 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
   Space   - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 107,8 %
      - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 124,6 %
   Waterplane Area: 45 108 Square feet or 4 191 Square metres
   Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 102 %
   Structure weight / hull surface area: 196 lbs/sq ft or 957 Kg/sq metre
   Hull strength (Relative):
      - Cross-sectional: 0,97
      - Longitudinal: 1,24
      - Overall: 1,00
   Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate
   Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent

Normal 35 706
Light 31 000
1 258nm at Top speed
3 090nm at 21kts
4 560nm at 18kts
7 010nm at 15kts

Armour scheme identical to Willhemina in layout (inclined armour).
Ice cream machines, flag facilities, magazine cooling and tropical climatization are considered part of the normal fittings.

[damocles]

Arnheim, Holland 1059 class laid down 1916

Displacement:
   30,218 t light; 32,146 t standard; 33,928 t normal; 35,354 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
   720.87 ft / 713.00 ft x 117.50 ft x 26.20 ft (normal load)
   219.72 m / 217.32 m x 35.81 m  x 7.99 m

Armament:
      8 - 14.96" / 380 mm guns (2x4 guns), 1,674.25lbs / 759.43kg shells, 1916 Model
     Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
     on centreline ends, evenly spread
      12 - 5.91" / 150 mm guns in single mounts, 102.98lbs / 46.71kg shells, 1916 Model
     Quick firing guns in deck mounts with hoists
     on side, all amidships, 4 raised mounts - superfiring
      8 - 2.95" / 75.0 mm guns (4x2 guns), 12.87lbs / 5.84kg shells, 1916 Model
     Quick firing guns in deck mounts with hoists
     on side, evenly spread
      32 - 0.59" / 15.0 mm guns (8x4 guns), 0.10lbs / 0.05kg shells, 1916 Model
     Machine guns in deck mounts
     on side, evenly spread
   Weight of broadside 14,736 lbs / 6,684 kg
   Shells per gun, main battery: 150
   8 - 24.0" / 610 mm above water torpedoes

Armour:
   - Belts:      Width (max)   Length (avg)      Height (avg)
   Main:   10.0" / 255 mm   463.85 ft / 141.38 m   12.99 ft / 3.96 m
   Ends:   Unarmoured
     Main Belt covers 100 % of normal length

   - Torpedo Bulkhead:
      1.97" / 50 mm   463.85 ft / 141.38 m   23.88 ft / 7.28 m

   - Gun armour:   Face (max)   Other gunhouse (avg)   Barbette/hoist (max)
   Main:   10.0" / 255 mm   4.92" / 125 mm      10.0" / 255 mm
   2nd:   0.98" / 25 mm   0.98" / 25 mm      0.98" / 25 mm
   3rd:   0.39" / 10 mm   0.39" / 10 mm      0.39" / 10 mm

   - Armour deck: 3.94" / 100 mm, Conning tower: 9.84" / 250 mm

Machinery:
   Diesel Internal combustion generators,
   Electric motors, 4 shafts, 107,975 shp / 80,549 Kw = 28.00 kts
   Range 8,000nm at 12.00 kts
   Bunker at max displacement = 3,208 tons

Complement:
   1,249 - 1,624

Cost:
   £5.184 million / $20.737 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
   Armament: 1,842 tons, 5.4 %
   Armour: 9,215 tons, 27.2 %
      - Belts: 2,650 tons, 7.8 %
      - Torpedo bulkhead: 807 tons, 2.4 %
      - Armament: 1,313 tons, 3.9 %
      - Armour Deck: 4,223 tons, 12.4 %
      - Conning Tower: 222 tons, 0.7 %
   Machinery: 4,023 tons, 11.9 %
   Hull, fittings & equipment: 14,638 tons, 43.1 %
   Fuel, ammunition & stores: 3,710 tons, 10.9 %
   Miscellaneous weights: 500 tons, 1.5 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
   Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
     41,179 lbs / 18,678 Kg = 24.6 x 15.0 " / 380 mm shells or 7.0 torpedoes
   Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.09
   Metacentric height 7.6 ft / 2.3 m
   Roll period: 17.9 seconds
   Steadiness   - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 83 %
         - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.39
   Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.00

Hull form characteristics:
   Hull has a flush deck
   Block coefficient: 0.541
   Length to Beam Ratio: 6.07 : 1
   'Natural speed' for length: 26.70 kts
   Power going to wave formation at top speed: 52 %
   Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 83
   Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 15.00 degrees
   Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m
   Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
      - Stem:      29.37 ft / 8.95 m
      - Forecastle (20 %):   18.69 ft / 5.70 m
      - Mid (50 %):      18.69 ft / 5.70 m
      - Quarterdeck (15 %):   18.69 ft / 5.70 m
      - Stern:      18.69 ft / 5.70 m
      - Average freeboard:   19.54 ft / 5.96 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
   Space   - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 99.3 %
      - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 151.0 %
   Waterplane Area: 57,977 Square feet or 5,386 Square metres
   Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 104 %
   Structure weight / hull surface area: 201 lbs/sq ft or 983 Kg/sq metre
   Hull strength (Relative):
      - Cross-sectional: 1.01
      - Longitudinal: 1.27
      - Overall: 1.03
   Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate
   Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
   Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform

500 tons
250 tons fire control
  25 tons radio
  25 radar
  25 tons acoustics
150 tons torpedoes 4 x reloads
25 tons surplus.

All or nothing protection and inclined belt.

2 under construction. Surabaya and Arnheim