Original Encyclopedia Files

[Blooded]

Olekits Files
Technology
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Propulsion
1900 Underway Recoaling
1909: Engine year 1912, Max. Turbine power 20000HP/Shaft (1911)
1906 Oil fiiring
1906 Electric Propulsion

BB/AC Architecture
1906 Cutting Edge (+3): Superfiring turrets, all centerline, triple turrets

Light Cruiser Architecture
1900 Advanced(+1): ammunition hoists, deck torpedo armament, superfiring mounts

Destroyer and TB architecture
1908 Cutting Edge (+3): triple TTs - max 12, displacement 1000t

BB/AC Max Main Gun Caliber
1910 - Cutting edge

Armor technology
Advanced     0.95   1.05   0.85   1.15 ...Krupp Cemented 1900

Torpedo Technologies
1905 Advanced (+1): 5000@26, 2200@35, 100kg warhead, imp. wet heater, 1t

Submarines
1905 Advanced: up to 500t surfaced, 10 knots submerged, 2 TT, 4 torpedoes

Mine Warfare
1908: Advanced (+1): advanced paravanes, active charges. Pressure mines. Advanced contact mines

Naval Artillery Shells
1905 Advanced (+1): Armour-Piercing

Gun Technology
1910 Cutting Edge(+3)
15"/40, 14"/45 or 12"/50
---------------------------------
Infantry technology
1905 Advanced 5/3 (since 1907)

Cavalry Techs
1905 Advanced 5/1.5 (Since 1908)

Army Reserves
1910 Cutting Edge (+3): Can maintain three reserve units per one active strength unit OR at General Mobilization can begin moving units from depots on day 5

Motorisation
1910 Advanced +1; Support Units: Several army support functions, but not all, such as HQ, logistics, artillery, etc have been equipped with trucks. (since 1912)

Light Armor
1905 Advanced +1; Experimental Armored Cars:  Someone in your army decided to slap a machine gun and some sheet steel onto one of those cars or trucks to see what it can do. (since 1913)


Railway guns
1900: Baseline (0): Railway guns of up to 150mm, armored trains


Dirigible airships
1898 Baseline: Type 0: Volume 10 000m³ nonrigid airships, 30kts

Heavier-than-air crafts
1910: historical 1914 aircrafts

Anti-aircraft gun and altitudes
Baseline (0): High angle anti-ballon guns or machine guns (up to 1 pounders)

Internal Combustion Engines (Land, submarines, and air)
1900 Advanced: Land and airship engines up to 200HP, 50HP aeroplane engines

Amphibious Technology
Baseline(0)  lifeboats and the use of enemy harbors.

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Main Data
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Russia

Oficial name: Rossiiskaya Imperiya

Population: 90 million (1906)

Capital: St. Peterburg (4,9 mln people)

Main cities: Moscow (3,3 mln people), Helsingfors (1,6 mln people), Kazan' (1,5 mln people), Samara (1,4 mln people), Revel (1,1 mln people), Rostov-on-Don (1 mln people), Ekaterinburg (1 mln people), Novosibirsk (1 mln people), Irkutsk (0,7 mln people).

Government: Constitutional Monarchy (since 1906)

Head of State: Imperatritsa of all Russians Kseniya Alexandrovna Romanova

Executive power: The Ministry

The Ministry staff:
Prime Minister - Knyaz Leonid Kerensky
Minister of finance - Graf Uriy Stolypin
Minister of defence - General Alexey Brusilov
Minister of navy - Admiral Alexey Grigorovitch
Minister of foreign affairs - Graf Alexander Muraviev
Minister of transportation - Knyaz' Nikolay Golytsin
Minister of Education - Professor Semen Preobrajensky

Legal System: Constitution, Law based on Common Law

Official Language: Russian

Other languages: Russian, Ukrane, Polish, Finnish, Arab

Major religion: Orthodoxy, Moslemy

Nationality: Russians (69%), Saomi, Finns, Estes, Lites, Lates, Belarus, Ukraines, Caucases, Georgian, Armenian, Azerbajanian, Tatars, Buryates, Hivines, Mongoles, Chineses

Monetary unit: Russian ruble RUR

Flag Description:
National flag: white-blue-red panel
Navy flag: a white panel with a diagonal blue cross

Location: The Russian empire stretches over a vast territory in E. Europe and N. Asia, with an area exceeding 8,660,000 sq. km., or one-sixth of the land surface of the globe (one twenty-third of its whole superficics). It is, however, but thinly peopled on the average, including only one-twelfth of the inhabitants of the earth. It is almost entirely confined to the cold and temperate zones. In Novaya Zemlya and the Taimyr peninsula, it projects within the Arctic Circle as far as 77 6 and 77 40 N. respectively; while its S. extremities reach 38 50 in Armenia, 35 on the Afghan frontier, and 42 30 on the coasts of the Pacific. To the W. it advances as far as 20 40 E. in Lapland, and 29 42 on the Black Sea; and its E. limitEast Cape on the Bering Straitis in 191 E.

Neighbours: Baltic Confederation, Kiev, Central Europe States, Hapsberg Empire, Balcan States, Ottoman Empire, Persian Empire, Afganistan, Middle Kingdom, Japan

Climate: Russia has a largely continental climate because of its sheer size and compact configuration. Most of its land is more than 400 kilometers from the sea, and the center is 3,840 kilometers from the sea. In addition, Russia's mountain ranges, predominantly to the south and the east, block moderating temperatures from the Indian and Pacific oceans, but European Russia and northern Siberia lack such topographic protection from the Arctic and North Atlantic oceans.

Terrain: Geographers traditionally divide the vast territory of Russia into five natural zones: the tundra zone; the taiga, or forest, zone; the steppe, or plains, zone; the arid zone; and the mountain zone. Most of Russia consists of two plains (the East European Plain and the West Siberian Plain), two lowlands (the North Siberian and the Kolyma, in far northeastern Siberia), two plateaus (the Central Siberian Plateau and the Lena Plateau to its east), and a series of mountainous areas mainly concentrated in the extreme northeast or extending intermittently along the southern border.

Natural Hazards: Hurricanes, tornadoes, flooding, earthquakes

Highest Point: Mount Elbrus (5682m)

Natural Resources: Oil, gas, iron ore, manganese, sulphur, phosphates, aluminium, lead, zinc, coal, tin, copper, silver, gold, tungsten, uranium, timber, peat, cotton

Main manufacture: steel, sheet iron, hammered details, mashinery, enjines, armour, armament, shipbuilding, mashine parts, glass, ceramics, cotton, alchohol, paper, linen

Main agriculture: cattlebreeding, horsebreeding, grain growing

[Blooded]

History
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A Brief History of Russia

Human inhabitation of the region surrounding Russia dates back to Paleolithic times. Early written history notes that Greek traders conducted extensive commerce with Scythian tribes around the shores of the Black Sea and the Crimean region. In the third century B.C.E., the Scythians were displaced by Sarmatians, who, in turn, were overrun by waves of Germanic Goths in the third century C.E. Asiatic Huns replaced the Goths and were, in turn, conquered by Turkic Avars in the sixth century. By the ninth century, Eastern Slavs began to settle in present-day Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus.
The first Slavic state was known as Kievan (Kyivan) Rus and was established in what is now Ukraine in 862 C.E. In 988 C.E., Kievan Rus was Christianized, and Orthodoxy became the state religion. Consequently, Byzantine culture became the predominant cultural influence on Russia during this period.
Over the next three centuries, various invaders, including the princes of Muscovy, assaulted Kievan Rus, while the Mongols under Batu Khan succeeding in taking control over Russia in 1237. The Mongols, also known as the Golden Horde, brought the scattered Russian principalities under unified control.
Kyivan Rus' struggled on into the 13th century, but was decisively destroyed by the arrival of a new invader—the Mongols.
In 1237, Batu Khan, a grandson of Genghis Khan, launched an invasion into Kyivan Rus' from his capital on the lower Volga (at present-day Kazan). Over the next three years the Mongols (or Tatars) destroyed all of the major cities of Kyivan Rus' with the exceptions of Novgorod and Pskov. The regional princes were not deposed, but they were forced to send regular tribute to the Tatar state, which became known as the Empire of the Golden Horde.
Invasions of Russia were attempted during this period from the west as well, first by the Swedes (1240) and then by the Livonian Brothers of the Sword (1242), a regional branch of the fearsome Teutonic Knights. However, luckily for Russia, both were decisively defeated by the great warrior Aleksandr Nevsky, a prince of Novgorod who earned his surname from his victory over the Swedes on the Neva River.

It wasn't until 1480, after another century had passed, that Moscow was again strong enough to throw off Tatar rule for good. Its ruler at that time was Grand Duke Ivan III, better known as Ivan the Great. Ivan began by subjugating most of Moscow's rival cities, and by the time he tore up the charter binding it to Tatar taxation he was effectively in control of the entire country. However, it wasn't until the reign of his grandson, Ivan IV (the Terrible), that Russia became a unified state.
Ivan the Terrible succeeded his father Vasily III as grand duke of Moscow in 1533 at the age of three. His mother served as regent until she died, when Ivan was eight. For the next eight years, the young grand duke endured a series of regents chosen from among the "boyars" (the nobility). Finally in 1547, he adopted the title of tsar (czar) and set out to crush the power of the boyars, reorganizing the military, and preparing to defeat the Tatars. In 1552, he conquered and sacked Kazan, and in 1556 Astrakhan, having thus destroyed the lingering power of the Golden Horde.
Ivan's Tatar campaigns opened vast new areas for Russian expansion, and it was during his reign that the conquest and colonization of Siberia began.
Ivan was not supposed to have been very terrible at all during the early years of his reign. However, as he grew older his temper worsened, and by the 1560s he carried out a horrific campaign against the boyars, confiscating their land and executing or exiling those who displeased him. In 1581, in a rage, he struck his son and heir Ivan with an iron rod, killing him.
When Ivan the Terrible died in 1584, his son Fyodor, who was not exactly up to filling the shoes of an autocratic legendary father, succeeded him. Fyodor left most of the management of the kingdom to his brother-in-law, Boris Godunov, and it was not long before Godunov began to work to secure the succession for himself. In 1591, he murdered Fyodor's younger brother Dmitri in the ancient town of Uglich, a spot now marked by the magnificent Church of St. Demetrius on the Blood.
When Fyodor died in 1598, Godunov was made tsar, but his rule was never accepted as entirely legitimate. Within a few years a pretender arose in Poland, claiming to be Dmitri, and in 1604 he invaded Russia. Godunov died suddenly the next year, and the "Time of Troubles" began. For the next eight years both the first and a second false Dmitri laid claims to the throne, both supported by invading Polish armies. Finally, in 1613, the Poles were ousted from Moscow, and the boyars unanimously elected Mikhail Romanov as tsar.
The Romanov dynasty was to rule Russia for the next years. For the first few generations, the Romanovs attempted to maintain the status quo in Russia. They continued to centralize power, but they did very little to bring Russia up to speed with the rapid changes in economic and political life that were taking place elsewhere in Europe.
Peter the Great was to change all of that. Peter was youngest son of Tsar Alexis and the child of his second wife, neither of which promised great things. Tsar Alexis also had three children by his first wife: Fyodor, an invalid; Sofia; and Ivan, a semi-imbecile. When Alexis died in 1676, Fyodor became tsar, but his poor constitution brought an early death in 1682. The family of Peter's mother succeeded in having him chosen over Ivan to be Tsar, and the 10-year-old boy was brought from his childhood home at the country estate of Kolomenskoye to the Kremlin.
No sooner was he established, however, than the Ivan's family struck back. Gaining the support of the Kremlin Guard, they launched a coup d'etat, and Peter was forced to endure the horrible sight of his supporters and family members being thrown from the top of the grand Red Stair of the Faceted Palace onto the raised pikes of the guard. The outcome of the coup was a joint leadership, with both Peter and Ivan placed under the regency of Ivan's elder and sister Sofia. Peter had not enjoyed his stay in Moscow, a city he would dislike for the rest of his life.
With Sofia in control, Peter was sent back to Kolomenskoye. It was soon noticed that he possessed a penchant for war games, especially military drill and siege craft. He became acquainted with a small community of European soldiers, from whom he learned western European tactics and strategy. Remarkably, neither Sofia nor the Kremlin Guard found this disturbing.
In 1689, just as Peter was to come of age, Sofia attempted another coup—this time, however, she was defeated and confined to Novodyevichiy Convent. Six years later Ivan died, leaving Peter in sole possession of the throne. Rather than taking up residence and rule in Moscow, his response was to embark on a "grand tour of Europe."
He spent about two years there, not only meeting monarchs and conducting diplomacy but also traveling incognito and even working as a ship's carpenter in Holland. He amassed a considerable body of knowledge on western European industrial techniques and state administration, and became determined to modernize the Russian state and to westernize its society.
In 1698, still on tour, Peter received news of yet another rebellion by the Kremlin Guard, instigated by Sofia despite her confinement to the convent. He returned without any sense of humor, decisively defeating the guard with his own European-drilled units, ordering a mass execution of the surviving rebels, and then hanging the bodies outside Sofia's convent window. She apparently went mad.
The following day Peter began his program to recreate Russia in the image of Western Europe by personally clipping off the beards of his nobles. Peter's return to Russia and assumption of personal rule hit the country like a hurricane. He banned traditional Muscovite dress for all men, introduced military conscription, established technical schools, replaced the church patriarchy with a holy synod answerable to himself, simplified the alphabet, tried to improve the manners of the court, changed the calendar, changed his title from tsar to emperor, and introduced scores of other reforms, restrictions and novelties
(all of which convinced the conservative clergy that he was "the antichrist").
In 1703 he embarked on the most dramatic of his reforms—the decision to transfer the capital from Moscow to a new city to be built from scratch on the Gulf of Finland. Over the next nine years, at tremendous human (slave) and material cost, St. Petersburg was created.
Peter generated considerable opposition during his reign, not only from the conservative clergy but also from the nobility, who were attached to the status quo. One of the most notable critics of his policies was his own son Alexis, who became the focus of oppositional intrigue. In fact, Alexis seemed to desire no such position and in 1716 he fled to Vienna after renouncing his right to the succession.
Having never had much occasion to trust others, Peter suspected that Alexis had in fact fled in order to rally foreign backing. After persuading him to return, Peter had his son arrested and tried for treason. In 1718 he was sentenced to death, but died before the execution from wounds sustained during torture.
Peter himself died in 1725. Although he was deeply committed to making Russia a powerful new member of modern Europe, it is questionable whether his reforms resulted in significant improvements to the lives of his subjects. Certainly he modernized Russia's military and its administrative structure, but both of these reforms were financed at the expense of the peasantry, who were increasingly forced into serfdom.
After Peter's death Russia went through a great number of rulers in a distressingly short time, none of whom had much of an opportunity to leave a lasting impression. Many of Peter's reforms failed to take root in Russia, and it was not until the reign of Catherine the Great that his desire to make Russia into a great European power was in fact achieved.
On Dec. 25, 1761, Peter III, a grandson of Peter the Great, was crowned tsar. Peter was 34 years old, dissolute, and imperceptive. His wife Catherine, a year younger but far more mature, not dissolute but also no puritan did not accompany him. The couple had been married for 18 years. Both had been newcomers to the Russian court as teens, and for a few years after their marriage they had been on friendly terms. By 1762, however, their marriage had long since been in name only.
By the summer of 1762 the conflict between Peter and Catherine had become quite serious. In only six months of rule, he had managed to offend and outrage virtually the entire court by diplomatic bumbling and large segments of the population through his hostility to the church and his evident disdain for Russia.
Support for Catherine was widespread, and Peter was suspicious. Early on the morning of June 28, Catherine left her estate at Peterhof, outside of St. Petersburg, and departed for the city. Everything had been prepared in advance, and when she arrived she was greeted with cheers by both the troops of her factional supporters and the populace. By the next morning, Peter was confronted with a fait accompli and a prepared declaration of his abdication. A week later, he was dead.
Catherine went on to become the most powerful sovereign in Europe. She continued Peter the Great's reforms of the Russian state, further increasing central control over the provinces. Her skill as a diplomat, in an era that produced many extraordinary diplomats, was remarkable. Russia's influence in European affairs, as well as its territory in Eastern and Central Europe, were increased and expanded.
Catherine was also an enthusiastic patron of the arts. She built and founded the Hermitage Museum, commissioned buildings all over Russia, founded academies, journals, and libraries, and corresponded with the French intelligentsia, including Voltaire, Diderot, and d'Alembert. Although Catherine did in fact have many lovers, some of them trusted advisors and confidants; stories alleging her to have had an excessive sexual appetite are unfounded.
With the onset of the French Revolution, Catherine became strikingly conservative and increasingly hostile to criticism of her policies. From 1789 until her death, she reversed many of the liberal reforms of her early reign. One notable effect of this reversal was that, like Peter the Great, Catherine ultimately contributed to the increasingly distressing state of the peasantry in Russia.
When Catherine the Great died in 1796, she was succeeded by her son Paul I. Catherine never really liked Paul, and her son reciprocated her feelings. Paul's reign lasted only five years and was by all accounts a complete disaster. His most notable legacy is the remarkable and tragic Engineer's Castle in St. Petersburg. Paul was succeeded by his son Alexander I, who is remembered mostly for having been the ruler of Russia during Napoleon Bonaparte's epic Russian Campaign.
In June of 1812, Napoleon began his fatal Russian campaign, a landmark in the history of the destructive potential of warfare. Virtually all of continental Europe was under his control, and the invasion of Russia was an attempt to force Tsar Alexander I to submit once again to the terms of a treaty that Napoleon had imposed upon him four years earlier. Having gathered nearly half a million soldiers, from France as well as all of the vassal states of Europe, Napoleon entered Russia at the head of the largest army ever amassed.
The Russians, under Marshal Kutuzov, could not realistically hope to defeat him in a direct confrontation. Instead, they began a defensive campaign of strategic retreat, devastating the land as they fell back, a tactic to be called "scorched earth," and harassing the flanks of the French. As the summer wore on, Napoleon's massive supply lines were stretched ever thinner, and his force began to decline. By September, without having engaged in a single key battle, the French Army had been reduced by more than two thirds from fatigue, hunger, desertion, and raids by Russian forces.
Nonetheless, it was clear that unless the Russians engaged the French army in a major battle, Moscow would be Napoleon's in a matter of weeks. The tsar insisted upon an engagement, and on September 7, with winter closing in and the French army only 70 miles from the city, the two armies met at Borodino Field. By the end of the day, 108,000 soldiers had died, but neither side had gained a decisive victory. Kutuzov realized that any further defense of the city would be senseless, and he withdrew his forces, prompting the citizens of Moscow to begin a massive and panicked exodus.
When Napoleon's army arrived on September 14, they found a city depopulated
and bereft of supplies, a meager comfort in the face of the oncoming winter. To make matters worse, fires broke out in the city that night, and by the next day the French were lacking shelter as well.
After waiting in vain for Alexander to offer to negotiate, Napoleon ordered his troops to begin the march home. Because the route south was blocked by Kutuzov's forces (and the French were in no shape for a battle) the retreat retraced the long, devastated route of the invasion. Having waited until mid-October to depart, the exhausted French army soon found itself in the midst of winter, in fact, in the midst of an unusually early and especially cold winter.
Temperatures soon dropped well below freezing, Cossacks attacked stragglers and isolated units, food was almost nonexistent, and the march was 500 miles. Ten thousand men survived. The campaign ensured Napoleon's downfall and Russia's status as a leading power in post-Napoleonic Europe. Yet even as Russia emerged more powerful than ever from the Napoleonic era, its internal tensions began to increase.
Since the reign of Ivan the Terrible, the Russian tsars had followed a fairly consistent policy of drawing more political power away from the nobility and into their own hands. This centralization of authority in the Russian state had usually been accomplished in one of two ways: either by simply taking power from the nobles and braving their opposition (Ivan the Terrible was particularly adept), or by compensating the nobles for decreased power in government by giving them greater power over their land and its occupants. Serfdom, as this latter system was known, had increased steadily in Russia from the time of Ivan the Terrible, its inventor.
By the time of Catherine the Great, the Russian tsars enjoyed virtually autocratic rule over their nobles. However, they had in a sense purchased this power by granting those nobles virtually autocratic power over the serfs, who by this time had been reduced to a status closer to slaves or serfs than to villagers or farmers.
By the 19th century, both of these relationships were under attack. In the "Decembrist" (Dekabrist) revolt in 1825, a group of young, reformist military officers attempted to force the adoption of a constitutional monarchy in Russia by preventing the accession of Nicholas (Nikolai) I. They failed, and Nicholas became the most reactionary leader in Europe.
Nicholas' successor, Alexander II, seemed by contrast to be amenable to reform. In 1861, he abolished serfdom, though the emancipation didn't in fact bring on any significant change in the condition of the peasants. As the country became more industrialized, its political system experienced even greater strain.
Attempts by the lower classes to gain more freedom provoked fears of anarchy, and the government remained extremely conservative. As Russia became more industrialized, larger, and far more complicated, the inadequacies of autocratic tsarist rule became increasingly apparent.
At the same time, Russia had expanded its territory and its power considerably since the 19th century. Its borders extended to Afghanistan and China, and it had acquired extensive territory on the Pacific coast. The foundation of the port cities of Vladivostok and Port Arthur there had opened up profitable avenues for commerce, and the construction of the Trans-Siberian Railway (constructed 1890-1897) linked the European Russia with its new eastern territories.
In 1894 Nicholas (Nikolai) II acceded to the throne. He was not the most competent of political leaders and, after 3 years of his reign, he enthroned his younger brother Michail, who became a Tsar of all Russians Michail II and rules successfully since 1897.
In 1903 The Great Smuta happened in Russian Empire after the madness of the Michail II. The Tsar was dethroned by his ankles Kirill and Vladimis and with all of his family sent to the Siberia.
Kirill and Vladimir could not share the throne and they rised the Civil War in Russia. But the war was short: brothers annexed in the 1904 the Ucraine, Poland and Lituania from Russia and Kirill went to rule new state. But Vladimir's Glory were short again: at the end of the 1904 he begun and loose the war with Japan in the early 1905. On far east Russia lost its territories: Kamchatka, Primorie, Sachalin and Kuriles. And most of the Pasific fleet were sunk at the Tsushima and Vladivostok battles.
After that Vladimir run away from Russia to his brother Kirill. The elder brother of Michail – Alexey, proclaimed himself the Tsar.
Alexey II was  too young to rule the country, and the trone under the order of the Grand Sinode was given at the middle of 1905 to the Kseniya Alexandrovna, elder older sister of Michail II.
Kseniya made the Russia a Constitutional Monarchy.

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Companies
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Russkoye Obshestvo Parohodstva I Torgovli (Russian Steamship and Trading Company)
Estabilshed – 1798
Ownership – 68% private investors, 32 % Navy Ministry
Capitalisation as 01/01/1909 – RUR 9890000
Base port – Tuapse, Batum, Novorossiysk
Destinations -  Russia Black Sea region, Black Sea, Meditteranean, Red Sea, North-West Indian
Regular Cargo/Passenger lines: Mediterranean and Black sea Ports
Number of ships: 43
Total dedweight: 185000 t
Greatest ships (built/dedweight): Orlitsa (1903, 3800 t), Imperator Alexandr I (1909, 9240 t), Odessa (1889, 4272 t), Simbirsk (1909, 3000 t), Evfrat (1906, 3200 t), Koroleva Olga (1893, 4100 t), Sv. Nikolay (1893, 2000t), Veliky Kniaz Konstantin (1891, 1914 t), Prinsess Eugenia Oldenburgskaya (1890, 1890 t), Veliky Kniaz Alexey (1890, 1850 t), Ierusalem (), Tsar (, 11000 t)

Dobrovol'ny Flot (Volunteers Fleet)
Estabilshed – 1878
Ownership – 51% private investors, 49 % Navy Ministry
Capitalisation as 01/01/1909 - RUR 8900000
Base port – Archangelsk, St. Peterburg, Vladivostok
Destinations -  Worldwide
Regular Cargo/Passenger lines: St. Peterburg – Bremen – Archangelsk, Vladivostok -
Number of ships: 30
Total dedweight: 120000 t
Greatest ships (built/dedweight): Anadyr' (1904, 7363 t), Moskva (1898, 7267 t), Smolensk (1901, 7270 t), Balkchash (1907, 6806 t), Sveaborg (1898, 6581 t), Kherson (1896, 6138 t), Kazan' (1900, 6076 t), Voronej (1896, 5616 t), Ekaterinoslav (1896, 5492 t), Narva (1896, 5472 t), Kiev (1896, 5566 t), Peterburg (1894, 5336 t), Saratov (1891, 5308 t), Yaroslavl (1893, 4495 t), Riazan' (1909, 3433 t), Poltava (1909, 3425 t), Orel (1909, 3425 t), Amur (1882, 1298 t)


Vostochno-Asiatskaya Parohodnaya Kompania (East-Asian Steamship Company)
Estabilshed – 1898
Ownership – 10% private investors 90% Russian Association of Merchantman and Indistrialists
Capitalisation as 01/01/1909 – RUR 10800050
Base port – St. Peterburg, Revel, Coondapoor, Vladivostok
Destinations -  Worldwide
Regular Cargo/Passenger lines: St. Peterburg  – Revel – Bremen – New-York; St. Peterburg – Revel – Bremen – Gibraltar – Port-Said – Suez – Aden - Coondapoor – Tanjing Pelepas – Singapoore – Hong Kong - Vladivostok
Number of ships: 40
Total dedweight; 140000 t.
Greatest ships (built/dedweight): Russia (1908, 8,595 t),  Dwinsk (1897, 8,172 t), Kursk (1909, 7,869 t), Manchuria (1900, 6,903 t), Korea (1900, 6,163 t), Petronia (1898, 4,847 t), Grodno (1893, 4,634 t), Kowno (1892, 4,630t), Arconia (1897,  4,603 t), Mitau (1894, 4,588 t), Estonia (1889, 4,275 t), Lituania (1905, 4,248 t), Livonia (1902, 4,199), Kitai (1898, 4,075 t), Curonia (1890, 4,046 t), Europa (1898, 3,875 t), Tranquebar (1906, 3,453 t), Rubonia (1896, 3,424 t), Alandes (1904, 3,343 t), Sibir (1894, 3,133 t), Mongolia (1901, 2,937 t), Urga (1907, 2,487 t), Asia (1890, 2,406 t), Listun (1901, 1,404 t), Neva (1899, 1,351 t), Worms (1895, 963 t), Ugala (1907, 753 t),


Yujno-Rossiiskaya Sudohodnaya Kompania (South-Russian Steamship Company)
Estabilshed – 1907
Ownership – 40% private investors 60% Yujno-Rossiisky Promyshlenny Bank
Capitalisation as 01/01/1909 - RUR 8000000
Base port – Rostov, Novorossiysk, Helsingfors, Murmansk
Destinations -  Worldwide
Regular Cargo/Passenger lines: Rostov - Novorossiysk - Konstantinopol - Marsel; Helsingfors - Sherbure - New-York 
Number of ships: 11
Total dedweight: 85000 t
Greatest ships (built/dedweight): Krim (1909, 16000 t), Kurlandia (1909, 16000 t), Transbalt (1900, 11439 t), Taman' (1909, 9791 t), Tiflis (1909, 7169 t), Don (1908, 6738 t), Kavkaz (1902, 4689 t), Ural (1902, 4639 t), Kama (1905, 3800 t), Volga (1903, 3011 t), Altay (1909, 2372 t)

[Blooded]

Naval Weapons
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Status: January,1st, 1908

356mm/50 Model 1908
New model, no twin turret, triple turrets on BC type 1

305mm/52 Model 1905
Triple turrets on BB Ne Tron' Menya, projected on BB type 40

305mm/50 Model 1902
Twin turrets on BB Kronshtadt, BB Grengam

305mm/40 Model 1898
Twin turrets on BB Tsesarevitch, BB Panteleimon

254mm/50 Model 1904
Twin turret on HC Admiral-General

254/45 Model 1896
Twin turrets on BB Peresvet, HC Admiral Kornilov, HC Uriy Dolgorukiy
Single on ground artillery posts

203 mm/50 Model 1902
Twin turrets on HC Admiral-General
Single turrets on HC Uriy Dolgorukiy
Deck mounts on HC Rossiya, Gromoboy
Casemate mounts on HC Uriy Dolgorukiy

152mm/50 Model 1905
Twin mounts on BB Ne tron' menya

152mm/40 Model 1896
Deck mounts on many types of cruisers
Casemate mounts on many type of battleships and cruisers

102mm/60 Model 1900
Mounted on DD Ochotnik, Delovoy

102mm/45 Model 1898
Mounted on DD Gremyashy

76mm/50 Model 1905
Standard QF weapon

75mm/40 Model 1895
Old standard QF weapon

45mm/55 Model 1903
New standard light QF weapon

45mm/40 Model 1885
Mounted on old DD and Minesweepers

37mm Model 1896 (Hotchkiss type)
Standard light weapon

7.7mm Model 1902
Standard machine gun

7.7mm Model 1897
Old standard machine gun


Torpedoes
21" (533mm) Type "A" (1902)
345.2 lbs (145 kg) TNT
8000 m/26 knots
4000 m/36 knots
Triple, double and single composition. Mounted only at the deck
On DD Delovoy, new DD Types

17" (457mm) Type "N" (1898)
264,55 lbs (120 kg) TNT
6000 m/24 knots
3500 m) /31 knots
Triple, double and single composition. Mounted at hull and at the deck
On DD Grenyashy, Buiny, Ochotnik and many types of capital ships

Mines

Model 1902
Moored contact mine. Total weight 600 kg, charge was 190.4 lbs. (80 kg) of gun-cotton, used 5 Hertz horns. Maximum depth - 130 feet (40m).
Standart Russian mine

Model 1897
Moored contact mine. Total weight 400 kg, charge was 123 lbs. (56 kg) of gun-cotton, used 5 Hertz horns. Maximum depth - 130 feet (40m).
Dated