Passenger-liner

[ledeper]

Baltica/America, Baltic-America line Passenger-liner laid down 1912

Displacement:
   31.004 t light; 31.766 t standard; 38.100 t normal; 43.167 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
   657,15 ft / 656,17 ft x 114,83 ft x 21,33 ft (normal load)
   200,30 m / 200,00 m x 35,00 m  x 6,50 m

Armour:
   - Belts:      Width (max)   Length (avg)      Height (avg)
   Ends:   1,50" / 38 mm   229,64 ft / 69,99 m   12,86 ft / 3,92 m

Machinery:
   Coal fired boilers, steam turbines,
   Electric motors, 3 shafts, 36.341 shp / 27.111 Kw = 19,77 kts
   Range 8.000nm at 16,00 kts
   Bunker at max displacement = 11.401 tons (100% coal)

Complement:
   1.363 - 1.772

Cost:
   £1,308 million / $5,233 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
   Armament: 0 tons, 0,0 %
   Armour: 164 tons, 0,4 %
      - Belts: 164 tons, 0,4 %
      - Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0,0 %
      - Armament: 0 tons, 0,0 %
      - Armour Deck: 0 tons, 0,0 %
      - Conning Tower: 0 tons, 0,0 %
   Machinery: 1.594 tons, 4,2 %
   Hull, fittings & equipment: 11.247 tons, 29,5 %
   Fuel, ammunition & stores: 7.096 tons, 18,6 %
   Miscellaneous weights: 18.000 tons, 47,2 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
   Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
     60.877 lbs / 27.613 Kg = 563,7 x 6 " / 152 mm shells or 5,4 torpedoes
   Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1,22
   Metacentric height 8,8 ft / 2,7 m
   Roll period: 16,2 seconds
   Steadiness   - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 64 %
         - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0,00
   Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1,28

Hull form characteristics:
   Hull has a flush deck
   Block coefficient: 0,830
   Length to Beam Ratio: 5,71 : 1
   'Natural speed' for length: 25,62 kts
   Power going to wave formation at top speed: 40 %
   Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
   Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 2,00 degrees
   Stern overhang: 0,00 ft / 0,00 m
   Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
      - Stem:      28,18 ft / 8,59 m
      - Forecastle (20 %):   17,95 ft / 5,47 m
      - Mid (50 %):      17,95 ft / 5,47 m
      - Quarterdeck (15 %):   17,95 ft / 5,47 m
      - Stern:      17,95 ft / 5,47 m
      - Average freeboard:   18,77 ft / 5,72 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
   Space   - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 65,7 %
      - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 169,3 %
   Waterplane Area: 67.497 Square feet or 6.271 Square metres
   Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 178 %
   Structure weight / hull surface area: 141 lbs/sq ft or 689 Kg/sq metre
   Hull strength (Relative):
      - Cross-sectional: 1,25
      - Longitudinal: 0,92
      - Overall: 1,00
   Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
   Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
   Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily
                     Miscellaneous weights: 18.000 tons, 47,2 %:
8.50t / 1st class cabin passenger .........800 passengers = 6800tons
4.25t / 2nd class cabin passenger.........1000 passengers = 4250tons
1.75t / Steerage passenger......................2200 passengers = 3850tons
Total passengers.......................................4000 passengers = 14900tons
Cargo = 1500tons
Extras inc wireless & more seaboats = 1000tons
Refrigirated store=100tons for eqp+400tons Cargo

[Walter]

One thing I have noticed with liners (so it is not limited to just this one or the ones in Navalism (noticed it in Wesworld too)) is that that barely anyone keeps to what is given in the Springstyle notes regarding to how one should sim liners:

When simming a liner, allow plenty of freeboard - at least half the beam, or even 60 percent.

Also for a 1912 vessel, the tonnage for steerage passengers is 2.22 ton/passenger  minimum and for cabin passengers it is a minumum of 5.92 tons/passenger. Nothing is given in the SS notes regarding 1st class and 2nd class so I use the cabin class figure for 2nd class and double the cabin class figure to determine the 1st class figure so that would be 11.84 tons/passenger.

To sim a liner, provide miscellaneous weight for
   passenger accommodation as follows (in addition to any
   miscellaneous weight used for cargo, perhaps 10-20 pct
   of the total).  Required miscellaneous weight can be
   estimated as follows:

   Liners laid down up till 1900: 4 tons per cabin-class
   passenger, 1.5 tons per steerage passenger
   (i.e., immigrants to America).

   After 1900: multiply the above figure by 1 plus
   (date - 1900) / 25.  Thus, for example, a liner laid down
   in 1910 will require 1.4 times the miscellaneous weight
   needed for one laid down in 1900 or earlier; a liner laid
   down in 1925 will require twice as much.

One of my own which I simmed more than 4 years ago for Weswolrd:
http://88.198.26.117/kunden/oponn/wbblite/thread.php?postid=11358#post11358

You will notice that it's freeboard is 1/2 beam... mainly because I didn't want to make it bigger than that.
I neglected to give the exact tonnages per passenger but they are:

Steerage = 3rd class: required 2.76 tons/passenger, used 2.8 tons/passenger.
Cabin = 2nd class: required 7.36 tons/passenger, used 7.5 tons/passenger.
1st class: required x, used 15 tons/passenger.


http://88.198.26.117/kunden/oponn/wbblite/thread.php?threadid=2745&sid=372628fcfe8603c4d5961d1870ad108d&page=1
Quite a few Wesworld liners in that thread, including the massive 100,000+ tons RMS Queen Elizabeth (and I thought my insane 38 knotter was huge) as well as my breakdown of the tonnages for each of the classes.


BTW, Current state of my super creative mind: Emptier than the fueltanks of my cars. :(

[The Rock Doctor]

I try to emulate the freeboard/beam thing when I design depot ships and tenders for the same reason - lots of berths for crew - but I've not done that much in this sim.

What's the function of the armor belt?

Walter:  get thee to a gas station, then...

[Walter]

I try to emulate the freeboard/beam thing when I design depot ships and tenders for the same reason - lots of berths for crew - but I've not done that much in this sim.

On a liner, it is not just limited to berths for the passengers. You need a lot more than that. When you look at the breakdown of the classes for the Floating Palace...
http://88.198.26.117/kunden/oponn/wbblite/thread.php?postid=23480#post23480
... you're talking about dining rooms, kitchens, smoke rooms, Library, etc. All those things take up space and if you want to be better than the ships of other companies, you want everything to be bigger and thus it will take up even more space (I think that this is the main reason why the figures needed for each passenger is becoming bigger and bigger as time goes on and on.

What's the function of the armor belt?

Could be some protection to get though thin ice on the seas but that is just a guess.

Walter:  get thee to a gas station, then...

Sir, if I told you that the dozen cars that I own are 1/18 scale model cars, that would give a good indication as to how empty those fuel tanks are. :)

[Borys]

I should dig myself out of my workpile after Epiphamy.
I will get around to doing a summary of the generics P3D prepared.

Borys

[ledeper]

The armor belt is to give some ice-picking possibility

[ledeper]

Baltica/America, Baltic-America line  Passenger-liner  laid down 1912

Displacement:
   36.534 t light; 37.428 t standard; 44.700 t normal; 50.517 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
   656,17 ft / 656,17 ft x 118,11 ft x 21,33 ft (normal load)
   200,00 m / 200,00 m x 36,00 m  x 6,50 m

Armour:
   - Belts:      Width (max)   Length (avg)      Height (avg)
   Ends:   1,00" / 25 mm     29,53 ft / 9,00 m   12,86 ft / 3,92 m
     200,13 ft / 61,00 m Unarmoured ends

Machinery:
   Coal fired boilers, steam turbines,
   Electric motors, 3 shafts, 57.633 shp / 42.994 Kw = 21,50 kts
   Range 8.000nm at 16,00 kts
   Bunker at max displacement = 13.089 tons (100% coal)

Complement:
   1.536 - 1.998

Cost:
   £1,633 million / $6,530 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
   Armament: 0 tons, 0,0 %
   Armour: 14 tons, 0,0 %
      - Belts: 14 tons, 0,0 %
      - Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0,0 %
      - Armament: 0 tons, 0,0 %
      - Armour Deck: 0 tons, 0,0 %
      - Conning Tower: 0 tons, 0,0 %
   Machinery: 2.528 tons, 5,7 %
   Hull, fittings & equipment: 15.992 tons, 35,8 %
   Fuel, ammunition & stores: 8.166 tons, 18,3 %
   Miscellaneous weights: 18.000 tons, 40,3 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
   Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
     133.133 lbs / 60.388 Kg = 1.232,7 x 6 " / 152 mm shells or 6,5 torpedoes
   Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1,03
   Metacentric height 6,8 ft / 2,1 m
   Roll period: 19,0 seconds
   Steadiness   - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 100 %
         - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0,00
   Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 2,00

Hull form characteristics:
   Hull has a flush deck
   Block coefficient: 0,947
   Length to Beam Ratio: 5,56 : 1
   'Natural speed' for length: 25,62 kts
   Power going to wave formation at top speed: 46 %
   Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
   Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 0,00 degrees
   Stern overhang: 0,00 ft / 0,00 m
   Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
      - Stem:      59,06 ft / 18,00 m
      - Forecastle (20 %):   55,77 ft / 17,00 m
      - Mid (50 %):      55,77 ft / 17,00 m
      - Quarterdeck (15 %):   55,77 ft / 17,00 m
      - Stern:      55,77 ft / 17,00 m
      - Average freeboard:   56,04 ft / 17,08 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
   Space   - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 63,0 %
      - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 526,4 %
   Waterplane Area: 76.106 Square feet or 7.070 Square metres
   Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 194 %
   Structure weight / hull surface area: 129 lbs/sq ft or 629 Kg/sq metre
   Hull strength (Relative):
      - Cross-sectional: 0,80
      - Longitudinal: 7,21
      - Overall: 1,00
   Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent
   Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
   Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
   Excellent seaboat, comfortable, rides out heavy weather easily


15 t / 1st class cabin passenger .........300 passengers = 4500tons
7,5t / 2nd class cabin passenger.........800 passengers =  6000tons
2,8t / Steerage passenger..................1600 passengers = 4500tons
Total passengers...............................2500 passengers = 1650tons
Cargo = 1500tons
Extras inc wireless & more seaboats = 1000tons
Refrigerated store=100tons for eqp+400tons Cargo

[P3D]

Hm, no one noticed these before.

A passenger liner usually runs at/close to max speed, I'd set range figure for 21kts not 16.

The hullform is a nice brick (block coefficient of 0.947).
For a liner block coefficient should be around 0.550, with a L:B over 7.