Habsburger Schlachtschiffe

Started by Borys, April 08, 2007, 04:31:55 AM

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Alikchi

Quote from: Borys on April 09, 2007, 02:14:36 AM
Ahoj!
Alikchi - you laid down. I have "concept studies" ....
You are ahead.
Borys

Ah fair enough. :) Still, I'd rather get myself in an arms race mentality now than slip behind later.. ;)

Borys

#31
Cut 0,5 knot of speed, shortened TBH, improved MB.


Enter ship name, Enter country Enter ship type laid down 1907 (Engine 1909)

Displacement:
   21 861 t light; 23 073 t standard; 24 467 t normal; 25 581 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
   551,18 ft / 551,18 ft x 87,27 ft x 29,23 ft (normal load)
   168,00 m / 168,00 m x 26,60 m  x 8,91 m

Armament:
      8 - 13,50" / 343 mm guns (4x2 guns), 1 250,00lbs / 566,99kg shells, 1907 Model
     Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
     on side, evenly spread
     Aft Main mounts separated by engine room
      12 - 6,00" / 152 mm guns in single mounts, 110,00lbs / 49,90kg shells, 1907 Model
     Breech loading guns in casemate mounts
     on side, all amidships
     12 guns in hull casemates - Limited use in heavy seas
      16 - 3,00" / 76,2 mm guns in single mounts, 13,50lbs / 6,12kg shells, 1907 Model
     Quick firing guns in casemate mounts
     on side, evenly spread
      8 - 0,43" / 11,0 mm guns in single mounts, 0,04lbs / 0,02kg shells, 1907 Model
     Breech loading guns in deck mounts
     on side, evenly spread
   Weight of broadside 11 536 lbs / 5 233 kg
   Shells per gun, main battery: 110
   4 - 20,0" / 508 mm submerged torpedo tubes

Armour:
   - Belts:      Width (max)   Length (avg)      Height (avg)
   Main:   13,0" / 330 mm   400,00 ft / 121,92 m   14,00 ft / 4,27 m
   Ends:   4,00" / 102 mm   151,00 ft / 46,02 m   12,00 ft / 3,66 m
   Upper:   8,00" / 203 mm   400,00 ft / 121,92 m   8,00 ft / 2,44 m
     Main Belt covers 112% of normal length

   - Torpedo Bulkhead:
      1,50" / 38 mm   400,00 ft / 121,92 m   48,00 ft / 14,63 m

   - Gun armour:   Face (max)   Other gunhouse (avg)   Barbette/hoist (max)
   Main:   12,0" / 305 mm   6,00" / 152 mm      10,0" / 254 mm
   2nd:   6,00" / 152 mm         -         2,00" / 51 mm
   3rd:   0,50" / 13 mm         -               -

   - Armour deck: 2,00" / 51 mm, Conning tower: 11,00" / 279 mm

Machinery:
   Coal and oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
   Direct drive, 4 shafts, 44 716 shp / 33 358 Kw = 23,00 kts
   Range 6 500nm at 10,00 kts
   Bunker at max displacement = 2 508 tons (90% coal)

Complement:
   977 - 1 271

Cost:
   £2,267 million / $9,069 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
   Armament: 1 419 tons, 5,8%
   Armour: 9 150 tons, 37,4%
      - Belts: 4 476 tons, 18,3%
      - Torpedo bulkhead: 1 066 tons, 4,4%
      - Armament: 2 096 tons, 8,6%
      - Armour Deck: 1 313 tons, 5,4%
      - Conning Tower: 200 tons, 0,8%
   Machinery: 2 214 tons, 9,0%
   Hull, fittings & equipment: 8 678 tons, 35,5%
   Fuel, ammunition & stores: 2 606 tons, 10,6%
   Miscellaneous weights: 400 tons, 1,6%

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
   Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
     29 774 lbs / 13 505 Kg = 24,2 x 13,5 " / 343 mm shells or 4,9 torpedoes
   Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1,09
   Metacentric height 4,8 ft / 1,5 m
   Roll period: 16,7 seconds
   Steadiness   - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 70 %
         - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0,72
   Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1,38

Hull form characteristics:
   Hull has a flush deck
   Block coefficient: 0,609
   Length to Beam Ratio: 6,32 : 1
   'Natural speed' for length: 23,48 kts
   Power going to wave formation at top speed: 51 %
   Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 51
   Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 0,00 degrees
   Stern overhang: 0,00 ft / 0,00 m
   Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
      - Stem:      29,53 ft / 9,00 m
      - Forecastle (35%):   19,69 ft / 6,00 m
      - Mid (50%):      19,69 ft / 6,00 m
      - Quarterdeck (15%):   19,69 ft / 6,00 m
      - Stern:      19,69 ft / 6,00 m
      - Average freeboard:   21,06 ft / 6,42 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
   Space   - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 101,2%
      - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 136,2%
   Waterplane Area: 35 478 Square feet or 3 296 Square metres
   Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 97%
   Structure weight / hull surface area: 168 lbs/sq ft or 823 Kg/sq metre
   Hull strength (Relative):
      - Cross-sectional: 0,98
      - Longitudinal: 1,93
      - Overall: 1,05
   Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate
   Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
   Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
   Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily

NEDS - Not Enough Deck Space for all those guns and torpedos;
Bambi must DIE!

swamphen

Err:

Quote8 - 13,50" / 343 mm guns (4x2 guns), 1 250,00lbs / 566,99kg shells, 1907 Model
     Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
     on side, evenly spread
     Aft Main mounts separated by engine room
???

Borys

NEDS - Not Enough Deck Space for all those guns and torpedos;
Bambi must DIE!

swamphen

I pity da foo' who gets stuck in Casemate #4...  :-\

Borys

Ahoj!
.... or the excitement on the bridge if a six gun salvo is blasted over the bow ...
:D
Borys
NEDS - Not Enough Deck Space for all those guns and torpedos;
Bambi must DIE!

Borys

Ahoj!
Tinkered with the design even further:

Enter ship name, Enter country Enter ship type laid down 1907 (Engine 1909)

Displacement:
   21 861 t light; 23 073 t standard; 24 467 t normal; 25 581 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
   551,18 ft / 551,18 ft x 87,27 ft x 29,23 ft (normal load)
   168,00 m / 168,00 m x 26,60 m  x 8,91 m

Armament:
      8 - 13,50" / 343 mm guns (4x2 guns), 1 250,00lbs / 566,99kg shells, 1907 Model
     Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
     on side, evenly spread
     Aft Main mounts separated by engine room
      12 - 6,00" / 152 mm guns in single mounts, 110,00lbs / 49,90kg shells, 1907 Model
     Breech loading guns in casemate mounts
     on side, all amidships
     12 guns in hull casemates - Limited use in heavy seas
      16 - 3,00" / 76,2 mm guns in single mounts, 13,50lbs / 6,12kg shells, 1907 Model
     Quick firing guns in casemate mounts
     on side, evenly spread
      8 - 0,43" / 11,0 mm guns in single mounts, 0,04lbs / 0,02kg shells, 1907 Model
     Breech loading guns in deck mounts
     on side, evenly spread
   Weight of broadside 11 536 lbs / 5 233 kg
   Shells per gun, main battery: 110
   4 - 20,0" / 508 mm submerged torpedo tubes

Armour:
   - Belts:      Width (max)   Length (avg)      Height (avg)
   Main:   13,0" / 330 mm   400,00 ft / 121,92 m   14,00 ft / 4,27 m
   Ends:   4,00" / 102 mm   151,00 ft / 46,02 m   12,00 ft / 3,66 m
   Upper:   8,00" / 203 mm   400,00 ft / 121,92 m   8,00 ft / 2,44 m
     Main Belt covers 112% of normal length

   - Torpedo Bulkhead:
      1,50" / 38 mm   400,00 ft / 121,92 m   48,00 ft / 14,63 m

   - Gun armour:   Face (max)   Other gunhouse (avg)   Barbette/hoist (max)
   Main:   13,0" / 330 mm   6,00" / 152 mm      12,0" / 305 mm
   2nd:   6,00" / 152 mm         -         2,00" / 51 mm
   3rd:   0,50" / 13 mm         -               -

   - Armour deck: 2,00" / 51 mm, Conning tower: 11,00" / 279 mm

Machinery:
   Coal and oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
   Direct drive, 4 shafts, 37 586 shp / 28 039 Kw = 22,00 kts
   Range 6 500nm at 10,00 kts
   Bunker at max displacement = 2 508 tons (90% coal)

Complement:
   977 - 1 271

Cost:
   £2,218 million / $8,871 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
   Armament: 1 419 tons, 5,8%
   Armour: 9 401 tons, 38,4%
      - Belts: 4 476 tons, 18,3%
      - Torpedo bulkhead: 1 066 tons, 4,4%
      - Armament: 2 347 tons, 9,6%
      - Armour Deck: 1 313 tons, 5,4%
      - Conning Tower: 200 tons, 0,8%
   Machinery: 1 861 tons, 7,6%
   Hull, fittings & equipment: 8 780 tons, 35,9%
   Fuel, ammunition & stores: 2 606 tons, 10,6%
   Miscellaneous weights: 400 tons, 1,6%

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
   Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
     31 843 lbs / 14 444 Kg = 25,9 x 13,5 " / 343 mm shells or 5,4 torpedoes
   Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1,10
   Metacentric height 4,9 ft / 1,5 m
   Roll period: 16,5 seconds
   Steadiness   - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 71 %
         - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0,72
   Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1,51

Hull form characteristics:
   Hull has a flush deck
   Block coefficient: 0,609
   Length to Beam Ratio: 6,32 : 1
   'Natural speed' for length: 23,48 kts
   Power going to wave formation at top speed: 48 %
   Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 47
   Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 0,00 degrees
   Stern overhang: 0,00 ft / 0,00 m
   Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
      - Stem:      29,53 ft / 9,00 m
      - Forecastle (35%):   19,69 ft / 6,00 m
      - Mid (50%):      19,69 ft / 6,00 m
      - Quarterdeck (15%):   19,69 ft / 6,00 m
      - Stern:      19,69 ft / 6,00 m
      - Average freeboard:   21,06 ft / 6,42 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
   Space   - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 95,0%
      - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 136,2%
   Waterplane Area: 35 478 Square feet or 3 296 Square metres
   Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 98%
   Structure weight / hull surface area: 170 lbs/sq ft or 832 Kg/sq metre
   Hull strength (Relative):
      - Cross-sectional: 0,98
      - Longitudinal: 1,95
      - Overall: 1,05
   Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate
   Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
   Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
   Excellent seaboat, comfortable, can fire her guns in the heaviest weather

NEDS - Not Enough Deck Space for all those guns and torpedos;
Bambi must DIE!

Borys

#37
Last minute tweaking. Better?
The main battery guns are in echelon - like von der Tann, Espana, the British battlecruiser class with difficult name starting with "I", Rivadavia.

Enter ship name, Enter country Enter ship type laid down 1908 (Engine 1909)

Displacement:
   21 979 t light; 23 189 t standard; 24 587 t normal; 25 705 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
   551,18 ft / 551,18 ft x 87,27 ft x 29,23 ft (normal load)
   168,00 m / 168,00 m x 26,60 m  x 8,91 m

Armament:
      8 - 13,50" / 343 mm guns (4x2 guns), 1 250,00lbs / 566,99kg shells, 1908 Model
     Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
     on side, evenly spread
     Aft Main mounts separated by engine room
      12 - 6,00" / 152 mm guns in single mounts, 100,00lbs / 49,90kg shells, 1908 Model
     Breech loading guns in casemate mounts
     on side, all amidships
     12 guns in hull casemates - Limited use in heavy seas
      12 - 3,00" / 76,2 mm guns in single mounts, 13,50lbs / 6,12kg shells, 1908 Model
     Quick firing guns in casemate mounts
     on side, evenly spread, all raised mounts
      8 - 0,43" / 11,0 mm guns in single mounts, 0,04lbs / 0,02kg shells, 1908 Model
     Machine guns in deck mounts
     on side, evenly spread
   Weight of broadside 11 482 lbs / 5 208 kg
   Shells per gun, main battery: 110
   4 - 20,0" / 508 mm submerged torpedo tubes

Armour:
   - Belts:      Width (max)   Length (avg)      Height (avg)
   Main:   13,0" / 330 mm   350,00 ft / 106,68 m   18,00 ft / 5,49 m
   Ends:   5,00" / 127 mm   201,00 ft / 61,26 m   12,00 ft / 3,66 m
   Upper:   8,00" / 203 mm   350,00 ft / 106,68 m   9,00 ft / 2,74 m
     Main Belt covers 98% of normal length

   - Torpedo Bulkhead:
      1,50" / 38 mm   350,00 ft / 106,68 m   48,00 ft / 14,63 m

   - Gun armour:   Face (max)   Other gunhouse (avg)   Barbette/hoist (max)
   Main:   13,0" / 330 mm   6,00" / 152 mm      11,0" / 279 mm
   2nd:   6,00" / 152 mm         -         2,00" / 51 mm
   3rd:   0,50" / 13 mm         -               -

   - Armour deck: 2,00" / 51 mm, Conning tower: 11,00" / 279 mm

Machinery:
   Coal and oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
   Direct drive, 4 shafts, 37 740 shp / 28 154 Kw = 22,00 kts
   Range 6 500nm at 10,00 kts
   Bunker at max displacement = 2 516 tons (90% coal)

Complement:
   981 - 1 276

Cost:
   £2,217 million / $8,869 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
   Armament: 1 412 tons, 5,7%
   Armour: 9 904 tons, 40,3%
      - Belts: 5 170 tons, 21,0%
      - Torpedo bulkhead: 932 tons, 3,8%
      - Armament: 2 285 tons, 9,3%
      - Armour Deck: 1 316 tons, 5,4%
      - Conning Tower: 200 tons, 0,8%
   Machinery: 1 868 tons, 7,6%
   Hull, fittings & equipment: 8 394 tons, 34,1%
   Fuel, ammunition & stores: 2 608 tons, 10,6%
   Miscellaneous weights: 400 tons, 1,6%

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
   Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
     32 723 lbs / 14 843 Kg = 26,6 x 13,5 " / 343 mm shells or 5,4 torpedoes
   Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1,10
   Metacentric height 4,9 ft / 1,5 m
   Roll period: 16,6 seconds
   Steadiness   - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 71 %
         - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0,75
   Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1,50

Hull form characteristics:
   Hull has rise forward of midbreak
   Block coefficient: 0,612
   Length to Beam Ratio: 6,32 : 1
   'Natural speed' for length: 23,48 kts
   Power going to wave formation at top speed: 49 %
   Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 47
   Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 0,00 degrees
   Stern overhang: 0,00 ft / 0,00 m
   Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
      - Stem:      29,00 ft / 8,84 m
      - Forecastle (20%):   22,00 ft / 6,71 m
      - Mid (50%):      21,00 ft / 6,40 m (19,70 ft / 6,00 m aft of break)
      - Quarterdeck (15%):   19,70 ft / 6,00 m
      - Stern:      19,70 ft / 6,00 m
      - Average freeboard:   21,26 ft / 6,48 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
   Space   - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 94,4%
      - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 141,8%
   Waterplane Area: 35 577 Square feet or 3 305 Square metres
   Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 97%
   Structure weight / hull surface area: 162 lbs/sq ft or 793 Kg/sq metre
   Hull strength (Relative):
      - Cross-sectional: 0,93
      - Longitudinal: 1,85
      - Overall: 1,00
   Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate
   Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
   Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
   Excellent seaboat, comfortable, can fire her guns in the heaviest weather
NEDS - Not Enough Deck Space for all those guns and torpedos;
Bambi must DIE!

P3D

The first purpose of a warship is to remain afloat. Anon.
Below 40 degrees, there is no law. Below 50 degrees, there is no God. sailor's maxim on weather in the Southern seas

Korpen

Me like!
Not even undergunned, much. ;)
Card-carrying member of the Battlecruiser Fan Club.

Borys

#40
Ahoj!
I redid the ship in SS2, as I had "lost" :) the file.
Made two minor adjustments:
- End Belts are thinner, and an extra 18 inch strake added to Upper Belt;
- I simplified the freeboard, from:
  Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
      - Stem:      29,00 ft / 8,84 m
      - Forecastle (20%):   22,00 ft / 6,71 m
      - Mid (50%):      21,00 ft / 6,40 m (19,70 ft / 6,00 m aft of break)
      - Quarterdeck (15%):   19,70 ft / 6,00 m
      - Stern:      19,70 ft / 6,00 m
      - Average freeboard:   21,26 ft / 6,48 m

to
Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
      - Stem:      29,00 ft / 8,84 m
      - Forecastle (20%):   22,00 ft / 6,71 m
      - Mid (50%):      19,50 ft / 5,94 m
      - Quarterdeck (15%):   19,50 ft / 5,94 m
      - Stern:      19,50 ft / 5,94 m
      - Average freeboard:   20,94 ft / 6,38 m

And finally gave the ship a name :)

SMS Don Juan de Austria, Habsburger Schlachtschiff laid down 1908 (Engine 1909)

Displacement:
   21 979 t light; 23 187 t standard; 24 585 t normal; 25 703 t full load

Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught
   551,18 ft / 551,18 ft x 87,27 ft x 29,23 ft (normal load)
   168,00 m / 168,00 m x 26,60 m  x 8,91 m

Armament:
      8 - 13,50" / 343 mm guns (4x2 guns), 1 250,00lbs / 566,99kg shells, 1908 Model
     Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes)
     on side, evenly spread
     Aft Main mounts separated by engine room
      12 - 6,00" / 152 mm guns in single mounts, 108,00lbs / 48,99kg shells, 1909 Model
     Breech loading guns in casemate mounts
     on side, all amidships
     12 guns in hull casemates - Limited use in heavy seas
      12 - 3,00" / 76,2 mm guns in single mounts, 13,50lbs / 6,12kg shells, 1908 Model
     Quick firing guns in deck mounts
     on side, evenly spread, all raised mounts
      8 - 0,43" / 11,0 mm guns in single mounts, 0,04lbs / 0,02kg shells, 1908 Model
     Breech loading guns in deck mounts
     on side, evenly spread
   Weight of broadside 11 458 lbs / 5 197 kg
   Shells per gun, main battery: 110
   4 - 18,0" / 457,2 mm submerged torpedo tubes

Armour:
   - Belts:      Width (max)   Length (avg)      Height (avg)
   Main:   13,0" / 330 mm   350,00 ft / 106,68 m   18,00 ft / 5,49 m
   Ends:   4,00" / 102 mm   201,00 ft / 61,26 m   12,00 ft / 3,66 m
   Upper:   8,00" / 203 mm   350,00 ft / 106,68 m   10,50 ft / 3,20 m
     Main Belt covers 98% of normal length

   - Torpedo Bulkhead:
      1,50" / 38 mm   350,00 ft / 106,68 m   48,00 ft / 14,63 m

   - Gun armour:   Face (max)   Other gunhouse (avg)   Barbette/hoist (max)
   Main:   13,0" / 330 mm   6,00" / 152 mm      11,0" / 279 mm
   2nd:   6,00" / 152 mm         -         2,00" / 51 mm
   3rd:   0,50" / 13 mm         -               -

   - Armour deck: 2,00" / 51 mm, Conning tower: 11,00" / 279 mm

Machinery:
   Coal and oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
   Direct drive, 4 shafts, 37 738 shp / 28 153 Kw = 22,00 kts
   Range 6 500nm at 10,00 kts
   Bunker at max displacement = 2 516 tons (90% coal)

Complement:
   981 - 1 276

Cost:
   £2,217 million / $8,869 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
   Armament: 1 412 tons, 5,7%
   Armour: 9 972 tons, 40,6%
      - Belts: 5 266 tons, 21,4%
      - Torpedo bulkhead: 932 tons, 3,8%
      - Armament: 2 256 tons, 9,2%
      - Armour Deck: 1 316 tons, 5,4%
      - Conning Tower: 200 tons, 0,8%
   Machinery: 1 868 tons, 7,6%
   Hull, fittings & equipment: 8 327 tons, 33,9%
   Fuel, ammunition & stores: 2 606 tons, 10,6%
   Miscellaneous weights: 400 tons, 1,6%

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
   Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
     32 508 lbs / 14 746 Kg = 26,4 x 13,5 " / 343 mm shells or 5,4 torpedoes
   Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1,10
   Metacentric height 4,9 ft / 1,5 m
   Roll period: 16,5 seconds
   Steadiness   - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 70 %
         - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0,73
   Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1,50

Hull form characteristics:
   Hull has a flush deck
   Block coefficient: 0,612
   Length to Beam Ratio: 6,32 : 1
   'Natural speed' for length: 23,48 kts
   Power going to wave formation at top speed: 49 %
   Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 47
   Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 0,00 degrees
   Stern overhang: 0,00 ft / 0,00 m
   Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length):
      - Stem:      29,00 ft / 8,84 m
      - Forecastle (20%):   22,00 ft / 6,71 m
      - Mid (50%):      19,50 ft / 5,94 m
      - Quarterdeck (15%):   19,50 ft / 5,94 m
      - Stern:      19,50 ft / 5,94 m
      - Average freeboard:   20,94 ft / 6,38 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
   Space   - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 94,1%
      - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 138,7%
   Waterplane Area: 35 577 Square feet or 3 305 Square metres
   Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 97%
   Structure weight / hull surface area: 162 lbs/sq ft or 789 Kg/sq metre
   Hull strength (Relative):
      - Cross-sectional: 0,93
      - Longitudinal: 1,83
      - Overall: 1,00
   Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate
   Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
   Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
   Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily

NEDS - Not Enough Deck Space for all those guns and torpedos;
Bambi must DIE!